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John Calvin

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Romans 5:14

Verse 14 14.Even over them, etc. Though this passage is commonly understood of infants, who being guilty of no actual sin, die through original sin, I yet prefer to regard it as referring to all those who sinned without the law; for this verse is to be connected with the preceding clause, which says, that those who were without the law did not impute sin to themselves. Hence they sinned not after the similitude of Adam’s transgression; for they had not, like him, the will of God made known to... read more

John Calvin

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Romans 5:15

Verse 15 15.But not as the offense, etc. Now follows the rectifying or the completion of the comparison already introduced. The Apostle does not, however, very minutely state the points of difference between Christ and Adam, but he obviates errors into which we might otherwise easily fall, and what is needful for an explanation we shall add. Though he mentions oftentimes a difference, yet there are none of these repetitions in which there is not a want of a corresponding clause, or in which... read more

John Calvin

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Romans 5:16

Verse 16 16.This is especially an explanation of what he had said before, — that by one offense guilt issued in the condemnation of us all, but that grace, or rather the gratuitous gift, is efficacious to our justification from many offenses. It is indeed an expansion of what the last verse contains; for he had not hitherto expressed, how or in what respect Christ excelled Adam. This difference being settled, it appears evident, that their opinion is impious, who have taught that we recover... read more

John Calvin

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Romans 5:17

Verse 17 17.For if the offense of one, etc. He again subjoins a general explanation, on which he dwells still further; for it was by no means his purpose to explain every part of the subject, but to state the main points. He had before declared, that the power of grace had surpassed that of sin: and by this he consoles and strengthens the faithful, and, at the same time, stimulates and encourages them to meditate on the benignity of God. Indeed the design of so studious a repetition was, — that... read more

John Calvin

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Romans 5:18

Verse 18 18.Therefore, etc. This is a defective sentence; it will be complete if the words condemnation and justification be read in the nominative case; as doubtless you must do in order to complete the sense. We have here the general conclusion from the preceding comparison; for, omitting the mention of the intervening explanation, he now completes the comparison, “As by the offense of one we were made (constitute ) sinners; so the righteousness of Christ is efficacious to justify us. He does... read more

John Calvin

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Romans 5:19

Verse 19 19.This is no tautology, but a necessary explanation of the former verse. For he shows that we are guilty through the offense of one man, in such a manner as not to be ourselves innocent. He had said before, that we are condemned; but that no one might claim for himself innocence, he also subjoined, that every one is condemned because he is a sinner. And then, as he declares that we are made righteous through the obedience of Christ, we hence conclude that Christ, in satisfying the... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Romans 5:1-21

(6) The results of the revelation of the righteousness of God, as affecting (a) the consciousness and hopes of believers; (b) the position of mankind before God. read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Romans 5:12

Wherefore, as through one man sin entered into the world, and death through sin; and so death passed upon all men, for that all sinned . To this sentence, introduced by ὥσπερ , there is no apodosis. One has been sought in the course of what follows, and by some found in Romans 5:18 . But Romans 5:18 is a recapitulation rather than resumption of the argument, and is, further, too far removed to be intended as a formal apodesis. It is not really necessary to find one. The natural one... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Romans 5:12-14

The reign of death. The summing up of this first division of the Epistle: Christ has undone what sin has done, as regards our objective relation to God. In these three verses—Sin through one works death to all. I. SIN WORRYING DEATH . "Death" a word with many meanings in Scripture. Dissolution of complex nature; corruption of spiritual nature; and final abandonment by God. Here the first. An objective punishment of an objective transgression; a manifest sentence of condemnation.... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Romans 5:12-21

(b) From consideration of the blessed effects on believers of faith in the reconciliation through Christ, the apostle now passes to the effects of that reconciliation as the position of the whole human race before God. His drift is that the reconciliation corresponds to the original transgression; both proceeded from one , and both include all mankind in their results; as the one introduced sin into the world, and, as its consequence, death, so the other introduced righteousness, ... read more

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