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Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Amos 4:4-5

Hypocrisy. The rhetorical fervour of the prophet leads him in this passage to address himself to the guilty nobles of Israel in terms of bitter irony. That descendants of Abraham should have forsaken Jehovah, should have set up altars to a golden calf, or to deities of their heathen neighbours,—this cuts the prophet to the heart. But that, even whilst acting thus, they should retain some of their ancient observances, should profess any reverence for the precepts of the Law of God,—this is... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Amos 4:4-5

Worship abounding with abounding sin. "Come to Bethel, and transgress; at Gilgal multiply transgression; and bring your sacrifices every morning," etc. " keenest irony. The "The language of these verses," says Henderson, "is that of the Israelites were addicted to the worship of the golden calf, and to that of idols, whereby they contracted guilt before Jehovah, and exposed themselves to his judgments; at the same time, they hypocritically professed to keep up the observance of certain... read more

Albert Barnes

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Whole Bible - Amos 4:1

Hear ye this, ye kine of Bashan - The pastures of Bashan were very rich, and it had its name probably from its richness of soil . The Batanea of later times was a province only of the kingdom of Bashan, which, with half of Gilead, was given to the half tribe of Manasseh. For the Bashan of Og included Golan Deuteronomy 4:43, (the capital of the subsequent Gaulonitis, now Jaulan) Beeshterah Joshua 21:27, (or Ashtaroth) 1 Chronicles 6:71, very probably Bostra (see ab. on 1 Chronicles 1:12), and... read more

Albert Barnes

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Whole Bible - Amos 4:2

The Lord God hath sworn by His holiness - They had sinned to profane His “Holy Name” (see the note at Amos 2:7). God swears by that holiness which they had profaned in themselves on whom it was called, and which they had caused to be profaned by others. He pledges His own holiness, that He will avenge their unholiness. : “In swearing “by His holiness,” God sware by Himself. For He is the supreme uncreated justice and Holiness. This justice each, in his degree, should imitate and maintain on... read more

Albert Barnes

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Whole Bible - Amos 4:3

Ye shall go out through the breaches - Samaria, the place of their ease and confidence, being broken through, they should go forth one by one, “each straight before her,” looking neither to the right nor to the left, as a herd of cows go one after the other through a gap in a fence. Help and hope have vanished, and they hurry pell-mell after one another, reckless and desperate, as the animals whose life of sense they had chosen.And ye shall cast them into the palace - Or, better, (since nothing... read more

Albert Barnes

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Whole Bible - Amos 4:4

Come to Beth-el and transgress - Having foretold their captivity, the prophet tries irony. But his irony is in bidding them go on to do, what they were doing earnestly, what they were set upon doing, and would not be withdrawn from. As Micaiah in irony, until adjured in the name of God, joined Ahab’s court-priests, bidding, him “go to Ramoth-Gilead” 1 Kings 22:15, where he was to perish; or Elijah said to the priests of Baal, “Cry aloud, for he is a god” 1 Kings 18:27; or our Lord, “Fill ye up... read more

Joseph Benson

Joseph Benson's Commentary of the Old and New Testaments - Amos 4:1

Amos 4:1. Hear this word, ye kine of Bashan Bashan was famous for its flocks and herds, Deuteronomy 32:14; Ezekiel 39:18. The proud and luxurious matrons of Israel may be here described. In this sense the words are understood by Grotius, and some other commentators. Thus rich, proud, and tyrannical men are compared, Psalms 22:13, to the bulls of Bashan; because cattle fed in the pastures of Bashan, which were remarkably rich, were more than commonly large, and wanton, or headstrong, by... read more

Joseph Benson

Joseph Benson's Commentary of the Old and New Testaments - Amos 4:2

Amos 4:2. The Lord hath sworn by his holiness As sure as God is holy and true, so certainly will he bring the threatened judgment upon you; that he will take you away with hooks “The original word in the masculine is used for thorns; but in the feminine it signifies shields. So that, perhaps, a fishing instrument may be denoted, which, like some now in our use, resembled a shield, or a basket, in its form. Our translators render the word hooks, from their analogy to thorns.” ... read more

Joseph Benson

Joseph Benson's Commentary of the Old and New Testaments - Amos 4:3

Amos 4:3. And ye shall go out at the breaches, every cow, &c. The prophet pursues the metaphor taken from the kine of Bashan, Amos 4:1, and tells the people, that as cattle strive to get out at every breach they can find in a mound or fence: so should they, with all possible haste, endeavour to make their escape at the several breaches which should be made in the walls of Samaria. And ye shall cast them into the palace The marginal reading is preferable, Ye shall cast away the... read more

Joseph Benson

Joseph Benson's Commentary of the Old and New Testaments - Amos 4:4-5

Amos 4:4-5. Come to Beth-el The known place of the calf-worship; and transgress A strong irony, giving them over as incorrigible: like that of Ezekiel 20:39, Go ye, serve every man his idols. At Gilgal multiply transgression This place also, as well as Beth-el, was the scene of idolatry, as appears from the cotemporary Prophet Hosea. And bring your sacrifices every morning According to the law of the daily burnt- offering, Numbers 28:4, which they observed in the worship of the golden... read more

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