and did . Ten Passovers recorded (see App-10 ). Exodus 12:28 . Numbers 9:5 .Joshua 5:10 . 2 Chronicles 30:13-15 . 2 Kings 23:22 (2 Chronicles 35:1 ). Ezra 6:19 . Matthew 26:17 . Luke 2:4 .John 2:13 ; John 6:4 . read more
at midnight . On the fourteenth of Abib. See Exodus 11:4 . smote . Compare Exodus 11:5 . read more
"Then Moses called for all the elders of Israel, and said unto them, Draw out and take you lambs according to your families, and kill the passover. And ye shall take a bunch of hyssop, and dip it in the blood that is in the basin, and strike the lintel and the two side-posts with the blood that is in the basin; and none of you shall go out of the door of his house until morning. For Jehovah will pass through to smite the Egyptians; and when he seeth the blood that is on the lintel and the two... read more
PLAGUE X"And it came to pass at midnight, that Jehovah smote all the first-born in the land of Egypt, from the first-born of Pharaoh that sat on his throne unto the first-born of the captive that was in the dungeon; and all the first-born of cattle. And Pharaoh rose up in the night, he, and all his servants, and all the Egyptians, and there was a great cry in Egypt, for there was not a house where there was not one dead."Here, dramatically stated, came the execution of the Tenth Plague upon... read more
Exodus 12:29. And it came to pass, that at midnight, &c.— See ch. Exodus 11:4-5. If the common interpretation of the words in Exo 12:12 the gods of Egypt be embraced; we may reasonably suppose, that the first-born of beasts is here so particularly specified, on account of the veneration which the Egyptians paid to the beasts; those, especially, which were held and worshipped as emblematical of their gods. Herodotus informs us, lib. ii. c. 36. that the Egyptians lived promiscuously with... read more
29. at midnight the Lord smote all the first-born in the land of Egypt—At the moment when the Israelites were observing the newly instituted feast in the singular manner described, the threatened calamity overtook the Egyptians. It is more easy to imagine than describe the confusion and terror of that people suddenly roused from sleep and enveloped in darkness—none could assist their neighbors when the groans of the dying and the wild shrieks of mourners were heard everywhere around. The hope... read more
1. The consecration of Israel as the covenant nation 12:1-28"The account of the final proof of Yahweh’s Presence in Egypt has been expanded by a series of instructions related to cultic [ritual worship] requirements designed to commemorate that proof and the freedom it purchased." [Note: Durham, p. 152.] read more
The communication and execution of the directions concerning the Passover 12:21-28Hyssop grew commonly on rocks and walls in the Near East and Egypt (Exodus 12:22). If it was the same plant that we identify as hyssop today, masses of tiny white flowers and a fragrant aroma characterized it. The Jews used it for applying blood to the door in the Passover ritual because of its availability and suitability as a liquid applicator. They also used it in the purification rite for lepers (Leviticus... read more
2. The death of the first-born and the release of Israel 12:29-36The angel struck the Egyptians at midnight, the symbolic hour of judgment (Exodus 12:29; cf. Matthew 25:5-6), when they were asleep ". . . to startle the king and his subjects out of their sleep of sin." [Note: Keil and Delitzsch, 2:23.] Pharaoh had originally met Moses’ demands with contemptuous insult (Exodus 5:4). Then he tried a series of compromises (Exodus 8:25; Exodus 8:28; Exodus 10:8-11; Exodus 10:24). All of these... read more
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Bridgeway Bible Commentary - Exodus 12:1-36
The Passover (12:1-36)Until now the Israelites had escaped the judgment of the plagues without having to do anything, but now their safety depended on their carrying out God’s commands. Redemption involves faith and obedience.Each family would be delivered from judgment only by killing a sacrificial animal as substitute for it, and sprinkling the animal’s blood on the door of the house where the family lived. The sprinkled blood indicated to those outside that a substitutionary sacrifice had... read more