출애굽기 21:18, 출애굽기 21:19 KRV

Arno Gaebelein's Annotated Bible - Exodus 21:1-36

CHAPTER 21 Different Judgments 1. Master and servant (Exodus 21:1-11 ) 2. Concerning injury to the person (Exodus 21:12-32 ) 3. Concerning property (Exodus 21:33-36 ) The Three Chapters which follow the giving of the Ten Commandments give the practical application of the Decalogue in the daily life. The duties towards the fellowman are demonstrated in part. There are seven sections to these three chapters; each section contains ten precepts. The servant occupies the first place. He was... read more

John Calvin

Geneva Study Bible - Exodus 21:18

21:18 And if men strive together, and one smite another with a {n} stone, or with [his] fist, and he die not, but keepeth [his] bed:(n) Either far away from him or near. read more

L.M. Grant

L. M. Grant's Commentary on the Bible - Exodus 21:1-36

RESPONSIBILITIES OF MASTERS (vs.1-11) Moses is now given an expanded view of the law on Chapters 21-23. Special duties of masters are first considered. They may think they have full authority over their slaves, but they must first remember God's authority over themselves. For God decidedly limits their authority over slaves. It was permissible to buy a Hebrew slave. Sometimes one would become so poor as to sell himself to another (Leviticus 25:39), but his master was to strictly observe... read more

James Gray

James Gray's Concise Bible Commentary - Exodus 21:1-36

THE CIVIL CODE The ten commandments constitute the moral law, a perfect rule of duty for all men and everywhere. But the “judgments” (Exodus 21:1 ) that follow are an application of those commandments to Israel in the peculiar circumstances of their history at that time and when they should inhabit Canaan. The ten commandments, let us say, represent the constitution of the United States, and the judgments the legislative enactments based thereon by Congress. The three chapters now entered... read more

Joseph Parker

The People's Bible by Joseph Parker - Exodus 21:1-36

Bye-laws Exodus 21-23 Amongst these bye-laws there are some sayings which may be considered hard, and on reading them we may ask in almost plaintive and despairing tones, "Who is sufficient for these things?" There are also some out-of-the-way responsibilities, which only Divine wisdom and justice could in the then state of society have imposed. We must not permit ourselves to lose the religious philosophy and the religious beneficence of the Mosaic legislation by going back upon it with our... read more

Robert Hawker

Hawker's Poor Man's Commentary - Exodus 21:18-21

The apostle hath the best comment upon these precepts. Ephesians 6:9; Ephesians 6:9 . read more

Matthew Henry

Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary on the Bible - Exodus 21:12-21

12-21 God, who by his providence gives and maintains life, by his law protects it. A wilful murderer shall be taken even from God's altar. But God provided cities of refuge to protect those whose unhappiness it was, and not their fault, to cause the death of another; for such as by accident, when a man is doing a lawful act, without intent of hurt, happens to kill another. Let children hear the sentence of God's word upon the ungrateful and disobedient; and remember that God will certainly... read more

Paul E. Kretzmann

The Popular Commentary by Paul E. Kretzmann - Exodus 21:12-27

Concerning Murder and Bodily Injuries v. 12. He that smiteth a man, strikes him down with deliberate intention, so that he die, shall be surely put to death. The reference seems to be to a murder committed in the heat of anger or in a condition of intoxication. v. 13. And if a man lie not in wait, does not seek a man's life with deliberate intent, but God deliver him into his hand, God permits it to happen in that manner that a man kills another by accident, then I will appoint thee a... read more

Johann Peter Lange

Lange's Commentary on the Holy Scriptures: Critical, Doctrinal and Homiletical - Exodus 21:1-36

c.—First form of the law of the political commonwealthExodus 21:1 to Exodus 23:33a. Right of Personal Freedom (according to Bertheau, ten in number)1Now these are the judgments [ordinances] which thou shalt set before them. 2If [when] thou buy [buyest] an Hebrew servant, six years he shall serve: and in the seventh he shall go out free for nothing. 3If he came [come] in by himself, he shall go out by himself: if he were [be] married, then his wife shall go out with him. 4If his master have... read more

G. Campbell Morgan

G. Campbell Morgan's Exposition on the Whole Bible - Exodus 21:1-36

At this point we have certain laws which apply the principles of the Decalogue to life. The first movement has to do with the laws of the person. This begins with the relation of slaves to their masters. By these laws slavery was changed into covenant relationship. Henceforward the condition of slaves among the Hebrew people would be in marked distinction to slavery as existing among other peoples. It was the beginning of a great moral movement. The right of a master to service by a definite... read more