サムエル記Ⅰ 20:21-40 JCB

The Pulpit Commentary - 1 Samuel 20:20-23

The two friends now agree upon the sign. Jonathan was to shoot three arrows at this stone, Ezel, as his mark, and was then to send his servant to gather them up. When he bad gone some distance Jonathan was to shout to him, loud enough for David to hear. If Jonathan said that the arrows were on that side the mark, i.e. between it and Jonathan, David was to come forth boldly, as all was well. But if Jonathan said that the arrows were further on, then David must understand that he was to seek... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - 1 Samuel 20:24-26

EXPOSITION OPEN HATRED OF SAUL AGAINST DAVID ( 1 Samuel 20:24-34 ). The king sat him down to eat meat. Hebrew, "the king sat down at the bread to eat." On sitting at table see 1 Samuel 16:11 . And Jonathan arose. When the king had taken his usual place, that of honour, next the wall, and therefore farthest from the door, Jonathan arose and took his place on one side of the king, while Abner sat on the other. David's place below them was left empty. The omission of... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - 1 Samuel 20:24-34

Wasted influences, muffed thoughts, and conflicting interests. The facts are— 1 . While David lies hidden, Saul notices his absence from the feast on the first day, and refers it to some ceremonial defilement. 2 . On the second day he calls Jonathan's attention to the fact, and inquires the cause. 3 . On his explaining the reason, Saul, in a fit of anger, accuses him of friendship with David, and points out the injury which he thinks will arise therefrom. 4 . On Jonathan... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - 1 Samuel 20:27-29

On the morrow, which was the second day of the month. Hebrew, "on the morrow of the new moon, the second day." David's absence on the second day made Saul aware that it was no accident, and he demands of Jonathan the reason; whereupon he gives the excuse previously arranged, adding that it was David's brother who had required his attendance. The Septuagint has brothers, being offended at the singular, because Jesse was still alive. But as the festival was not confined to Jesse's household,... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - 1 Samuel 20:30-31

Thou son of the perverse rebellious woman . Literally, "thou son of one perverse in rebellion." In the East it is the greatest possible insult to a man to call his mother names; but the word rendered perverse, instead of being a feminine adjective, is probably an abstract noun, and "son of perversity of rebellion" would mean one who was thoroughly perverse in his resistance to his father's will. Unto the confusion of thy mother's nakedness. I.e. thy mother will feel ashamed and... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - 1 Samuel 20:32-34

When Jonathan pleaded mildly for his friend, Saul did not east , but "brandished" (see on 1 Samuel 18:11 ) his javelin at him, threatening to smite him. This fierce behaviour of his father filled Jonathan also with anger, and he arose, refused to partake of the meal, and went away in wrath. His indignation was roused not merely at his father having thus brandished his javelin in his face, for he was sitting close to Saul, but because he had cast shameful aspersions upon David in saying... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - 1 Samuel 20:35-38

The next morning Jonathan went out into the field, not at the time, but "to the place" appointed , taking with him a little lad, as less likely to suspect a reason. Having shot at the mark, he sends him to pick up the arrows, and as he runs to do so he shoots one beyond him, and, calling aloud, gives David the sign that there was no hope. To keep the boy's attention engaged he gives him hurried commands— Make speed, haste, stay not. Instead of the arrows the written text has... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - 1 Samuel 20:35-42

Warning in danger. The facts are— 1 . In accordance with arrangement, Jonathan, on the next day, goes out into the field, and, on shooting the arrow beyond the lad with him, he cries out the signal of danger. 2 . David recognises the sign, and the lad is sent away to the city. 3 . Thereupon David and Jonathan embrace each other, and take a sorrowful farewell—Jonathan giving him his benediction, and reminding him for his comfort of the sacred covenant between them both. A... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - 1 Samuel 20:40-42

His artillery. I.e. his weapons. To get rid of the boy Jonathan sends him home with his bow and arrows, and then David arose out of a place toward the south, or "from the south side" of the stone Ezel, and while not forgetting in his repeated obeisance the honour due to Jonathan's dignity, yet friendship prevailed, and they kissed one another and wept sore, until David exceeded , i.e. broke down, and was completely mastered by his grief. And so they parted, David to begin a life of... read more

Albert Barnes

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Whole Bible - 1 Samuel 20:26

He is not clean - The new moon being a religious feast, and the meat to be eaten being peace-offerings, no one could assist at the feast who had any ceremonial uncleanness upon him (marginal references). read more

The Pulpit Commentary - 1 Samuel 20:20-23

The Pulpit Commentary - 1 Samuel 20:24-26

The Pulpit Commentary - 1 Samuel 20:24-34

The Pulpit Commentary - 1 Samuel 20:27-29

The Pulpit Commentary - 1 Samuel 20:30-31

The Pulpit Commentary - 1 Samuel 20:32-34

The Pulpit Commentary - 1 Samuel 20:35-38

The Pulpit Commentary - 1 Samuel 20:35-42

The Pulpit Commentary - 1 Samuel 20:40-42

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Whole Bible - 1 Samuel 20:26

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