出エジプト記 4:21-7:2 JCB

Preacher's Complete Homiletical Commentary - Exodus 4:21-23

MAIN HOMILETICS OF THE PARAGRAPH.—Exodus 4:21-23THE ANTICIPATION OF CHRISTIAN SERVICEI. That very frequently God causes good men to anticipate Christian service. 1. It is often anticipated as the hour of severe trial. “See that thou do all those wonders before Pharaoh.” It is almost instinctive in man to anticipate the future, especially if any important duty is awaiting him. And the mental experiences awakened by the thought of future service are often more painful than those which come upon... read more

C.I. Scofield

Scofield's Reference Notes - Exodus 4:21

harden his heart (Cf) Exodus 8:15; Exodus 8:32; Exodus 9:34. In the face of the righteous demand of Jehovah and of the tremendous attestations by miracle that He was indeed God, and that Moses and Aaron were His representatives, Pharaoh "hardened his heart." Instrumentally God hardened Pharaoh's heart by forcing him to an issue against which he hardened his own heart in refusal. Light rejected, rightful obedience refused, inevitably hardens conscience and heart. Romans 9:17-24. read more

Chuck Smith

Chuck Smith Bible Commentary - Exodus 4:1-31

Chapter 4And Moses answered and said, But, behold, they will not believe me ( Exodus 4:1 ),Now he's not convinced. They're gonna say, "Who sent you?" "All right", God said, "Tell them Jehovah God, the God of your fathers, Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob". But Moses objects, "They'll not believe me"nor hearken unto my voice: for they will say, Oh Jehovah didn't appear to you. The Lord said, What have you got in your hand? And he said, A rod. [A walking stick.] God said, Throw it on the ground. And he... read more

Joseph Sutcliffe

Sutcliffe's Commentary on the Old and New Testaments - Exodus 4:1-31

Exodus 4:1. They will not believe me. Then the Lord directed him to work a miracle, the most convincing evidence of divine authority, for the removal of unbelief. Exodus 4:2. A rod. Milton has displayed his classic and poetic genius on the rod of Amram’s son. Reference has also been made to the Thyrsus of Bacchus, which was a dart surround with leaves of the vine. The fabulous history of Bacchus we have in old Hesiod, fab. 3. Pliny, book 16, chap. 4. Cicero on the nature of the gods,... read more

Joseph Exell

The Biblical Illustrator - Exodus 4:21

Exodus 4:21See that thou do all these wonders before Pharaoh.Moses before PharaohIsrael was under the sovereign control of the King of Egypt. He had property in them. Moses in the name of the Lord suddenly asked Pharaoh to give Israel their freedom. He was startled. He did not acknowledge the Lord. A political petition was presented to him, and he dealt with it on political grounds. It was not a spiritual question which was proposed to Pharaoh. It was exclusively a political question. It was... read more

John Trapp

John Trapp Complete Commentary - Exodus 4:21

Exo 4:21 And the LORD said unto Moses, When thou goest to return into Egypt, see that thou do all those wonders before Pharaoh, which I have put in thine hand: but I will harden his heart, that he shall not let the people go. Ver. 21. But I will harden his heart. ] With a judiciary penal hardness. And thus God is in this book eight times said to have hardened Pharaoh’s heart: thrice it is said that he hardened his own heart, and five times his heart is said to have been hardened - viz., by the... read more

Samuel Bagster

Treasury of Scripture Knowledge - Exodus 4:21

wonders: Exodus 3:20 I will harden: Exodus 7:3, Exodus 7:13, Exodus 9:12, Exodus 9:35, Exodus 10:1, Exodus 10:20, Exodus 14:8, Genesis 6:3, Deuteronomy 2:30-Micah :, Deuteronomy 2:36, Joshua 11:20, 1 Kings 22:22, Psalms 105:25, Isaiah 6:10, Isaiah 63:17, John 12:40, Romans 1:28, Romans 9:18, Romans 11:8-2 Samuel :, 2 Corinthians 2:16, 2 Thessalonians 2:10-2 Kings :, 1 Peter 2:8 Reciprocal: Exodus 8:15 - he hardened Exodus 8:32 - General Exodus 9:34 - and hardened Exodus 10:27 - General... read more

John Wesley

Wesley's Explanatory Notes - Exodus 4:21

And the LORD said unto Moses, When thou goest to return into Egypt, see that thou do all those wonders before Pharaoh, which I have put in thine hand: but I will harden his heart, that he shall not let the people go.In thy hand — in thy power: I will harden his heart - After he has frequently harden'd it himself, wilfully shutting his eyes against the light, I will at last permit Satan to harden it effectually. read more

Daniel Whedon

Whedon's Commentary on the Bible - Exodus 4:21

21. I will harden his heart Lest Moses should be despondent in his long conflict with Pharaoh’s obstinate disobedience, he is now assured that this also has been fully foreseen and provided for by Jehovah, for it is to be taken up into His plan as one of the evils which “work together for good” to God’s elect . Romans 8:28. It would give Moses hope and courage to know that no step of the struggle had been unforeseen and unprovided for . Every action, good and bad, may be viewed in two... read more