The Pulpit Commentary - Ezekiel 38:13
Sheba, and Dorian, and the merchants of Tarshish were the great trading communities of the South, East, and West respectively (see on Ezekiel 27:15 , Ezekiel 27:20 , Ezekiel 27:22 , Ezekiel 27:25 ). The young lions thereof — i.e. of Tarshish, not of the other communities (Keil)—were probably intended to represent, not the" authorities" of Tarshish, as Hitzig suggests, but its smaller tradesmen who were equally rapacious with its larger merchants. All are depicted as following in... read more
The Pulpit Commentary - Ezekiel 38:11-12
give voice to the things that should come into Gog's mind and incite him to his enterprise against Israel. The spectacle of Israel dwelling safely, i.e. securely and confidently, in a land of un-walled villages —literally, a land of open places , as opposed to fortified cities— i.e. of towns without walls , and having neither bars nor gates (comp Zechariah 2:4 , Zechariah 2:5 ; Deuteronomy 3:5 ; 1 Samuel 6:18 ), because of being no more apprehensive of invasion, should... read more