to = unto. Greek. pros. App-104 . Annas. He had been deposed in 779 A. u. c., the year our Lord's ministry began ( App-179 ), and three others had been promoted and deposed before Caiaphas was appointed by Valerius Gratus. Our Lord was taken to Annas first, because his experience in the Law would the better enable him to formulate a charge against Him. read more
Caiaphas . See John 11:49-53 . for = in behalf of. Greek. huper. App-104 . read more
followed = was following. another . Greek. altos. App-124 . known . Greek. gnostos. Compare ginosko. App-132 . That this was John himself is highly improbable. He always designates himself "the disciple whom Jesus loved" (John 13:23 ; John 19:26 ; John 21:7 , John 21:20 ). It is more probable it was some one of influence, as Nicodemus or Joseph of Arimathtea, both members of the Sanhedrin. palace = Greek. aide. Originally the court, open to the air, around which the house was built,... read more
stood = was standing. at. Greek. pros. App-104 . her that kept the door = doorkeeper. Greek thuroros. Here and in John 18:17 feminine. Occurs elsewhere John 10:3 .Mark 13:34 (masculine) Female porters were not uncommon. Compare Acts 12:13 . The Septuagint reads in 2 Samuel 4:6 , "The porter (feminine) of the house winnowed wheat, and slumbered and slept". Compare Josephus, Antiq., bk. vii, ch. ii. 1. read more
not . Greek. me. App-105 . this Man's = this fellow's. Spoken in contempt. Man's. App-123 . not . Greek ou. App-105 . read more
officers . The Chiliarch and Roman soldiers had gone back to their barracks (Antonia), leaving the Lord in the hands of the Jews. stood . . . warmed . All these verbs are in the imperfect. a fire of coals. Greek anthrakia. Only here and John 21:9 . read more
So the band and the chief captain, and the officers of the Jews, seized Jesus and bound him.The chief captain ... The Greek word here is [chiliarch] meaning the commander of a thousand men; but this does not necessarily mean that a full cohort of one thousand men was present, but that an officer of that rank was present. The importance the Pharisees attached to this arrest is seen in the employment of such a ranking military figure in the achievement of it. The mention of the chiliarch shows... read more
And led him to Annas first: for he was father-in-law to Caiaphas, who was high priest that year.Annas had been deposed from the office of high priest by the Romans for putting a young sabbath-breaker to death, contrary to Roman law; but the Jews continued to recognize Annas as the true high priest. That accounts for the arraignment here before Annas.Who was high priest that year ... is alleged by some as an "error" on John's part, supposing that John thought they changed high priests every... read more
Now Caiaphas was he that gave counsel to the Jews, that it was expedient that one man should die for the people.For discussion of this unintentional prophecy of Caiaphas, see under John 11:49,50. John's mention of this was to show what a biased and unprincipled judge would preside over the Lord's trial in the Sanhedrin. read more
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E.W. Bullinger's Companion Bible Notes - John 18:12
captain . Greek. chiliarchos = commander of a thousand. One of the six tribunes attached to a legion. His presence shows the importance attached by the Romans to the arrest, the Jews having represented it as a case of dangerous sedition. took : i.e. surrounded and seized. Compare Acts 26:21 . read more