サムエル記上 23:1-29 JC

The Pulpit Commentary - 1 Samuel 23:2-5

David enquired of Jehovah. This seems to show that Abiathar was already with David, as the prophet Gad had no ephod, and at this time, and for a considerable period subsequently, the usual way of consulting God was by the Urim and Thummim (see 1 Samuel 23:6 ). Though the answer was a command to go, yet David's men hesitated; not that they had any doubt of the immediate result, but, regarding Saul as their most dangerous enemy, they were unwilling to embroil themselves also with the... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - 1 Samuel 23:6

When Abiathar … fled to David to Koilah, he came down with an ephod in his hand. Literally, "an ephod came down in his hand, and so, word for word, the Syriac. The object of this verse is to explain how it was that David (in 1 Samuel 23:2 and 1 Samuel 23:4 ) was able to inquire of Jehovah. The words to Keilah —Hebrew, Kelah-wards—do not mean that it was at Keilah that Abiathar joined David, but that he came in time to go thither with him. In 1 Samuel 22:20 it seems as if Abiathar... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - 1 Samuel 23:6-12

Misinterpretation and miscalculation. The facts are— 1 . The moral position of David at Keilah is strengthened by the presence of Abiathar with the ephod. 2 . Saul, believing David to be shut up in the city, prepares a force to lay siege to Keilah. 3 . David, aware of this, has recourse to the ephod, and asks through Abiathar whether Saul was really coming, and whether, in case he came, the men of Keilah would give him up to Saul. 4 . He receives an affirmative reply to... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - 1 Samuel 23:7-8

It was well nigh a hopeless matter to hunt David as long as he remained on the borders of the desert of Judah, but once shut up in a town his capture was inevitable. When Saul, therefore, heard that David was at Keilah, he said, God hath delivered him into my hand . The Syriac, Chaldee, and Vulgate translate in the same way, probably as the nearest equivalent to the Hebrew, while the Septuagint has a different reading— sold . The Hebrew phrase is a very strong one; literally, "God hath... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - 1 Samuel 23:9-13

Saul secretly practised mischief. This phrase is correctly translated "devised evil" in Proverbs 3:29 ; Proverbs 14:22 . There is no idea of secrecy in the Hebrew verb, which literally means "to work in metals," "to forge." Saul's purpose was open enough, and when David heard of it he tells Abiathar to bring the ephod, and then offers earnest prayer to God for counsel and advice. In his prayer his two questions are put inversely to the logical order, but in accordance with their relative... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - 1 Samuel 23:13-14

David's wanderings in the wilderness. "And Saul sought him every day, but God delivered him not into his hand" ( 1 Samuel 23:14 ). From the time of his leaving Gath till his return ( 1 Samuel 27:2 ) David dwelt in the following places successively— 1 . The cave of Adullam. 2 . Mizpeh of Moab. 3 . The forest of Hareth. 4 . Keilah. 5 . The wilderness of Ziph (Hachilah, Horesh). 6 . The wilderness of Maon. 7 . En-gedi. 8 . "The hold" ( 1 Samuel 24:22 ). ... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - 1 Samuel 23:13-18

Deepening sorrows and new encouragement. The facts are— 1 . David, deeming it unsafe to remain in Keilah, goes forth with his men in uncertainty as to their destination. 2 . Saul, forbearing to march against Keilah, seeks in vain to capture David in the wilderness of Ziph. 3 . While David, fully aware of Saul's evil intent, remains in the wilderness, he is comforted by a visit from Jonathan, who expresses his confidence in David's future supremacy and renews with him a covenant... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - 1 Samuel 23:14-15

EXPOSITION SAUL 'S PURSUIT OF DAVID IN THE WILDERNESS OF ZIPH ( 1 Samuel 23:14-28 ). Strong holds. Natural fortresses in the woods and mountains are meant, and places difficult of access. The wilderness of Ziph. This lay to the south of Hebron, upon the edge of the great desert of Judah ( Joshua 15:55 ). Saul sought him every day. The pursuit was maintained constantly, with men always spying David's movements, and ready to report to Saul any opportunity of... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - 1 Samuel 23:14-15

Strong holds. Natural fortresses in the woods and mountains are meant, and places difficult of access. The wilderness of Ziph. This lay to the south of Hebron, upon the edge of the great desert of Judah ( Joshua 15:55 ). Saul sought him every day. The pursuit was maintained constantly, with men always spying David's movements, and ready to report to Saul any opportunity of seizing him; but apparently there was no body of men at present perpetually in quest of him. In a wood. Many... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - 1 Samuel 23:14-29

EXPOSITION SAUL 'S PURSUIT OF DAVID IN THE WILDERNESS OF ZIPH ( 1 Samuel 23:14-28 ). read more

The Pulpit Commentary - 1 Samuel 23:2-5

The Pulpit Commentary - 1 Samuel 23:6

The Pulpit Commentary - 1 Samuel 23:6-12

The Pulpit Commentary - 1 Samuel 23:7-8

The Pulpit Commentary - 1 Samuel 23:9-13

The Pulpit Commentary - 1 Samuel 23:13-14

The Pulpit Commentary - 1 Samuel 23:13-18

The Pulpit Commentary - 1 Samuel 23:14-15

The Pulpit Commentary - 1 Samuel 23:14-15

The Pulpit Commentary - 1 Samuel 23:14-29

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