Timotheus - Timothy; to whom the Epistles which bear his name were written. He was long the companion of Paul in his labors; Act 16:1; 1 Corinthians 16:10; 2 Corinthians 1:1, 2 Corinthians 1:19; Philippians 2:29; 1 Thessalonians 3:2; 1 Timothy 1:2; Hebrews 13:23.And Lucius - He is mentioned in Acts 13:1, as a prophet and teacher, a native of Cyrene. Nothing more is known of him.My kinsmen - Romans 16:7. read more
Romans 16:9-11 . Salute Urbane, or Urbanus rather, our helper Συνεργον , our fellow-labourer Mine and Timothy’s, Romans 16:21. Salute Apelles, τον δοκιμον , the approved in Christ One who hath showed himself a sincere Christian and faithful servant of Christ, when tried by affliction and persecution for the gospel; a noble character this, and greatly to be respected. Salute those of the family of Aristobulus Aristobulus himself is not saluted, either because he was not in Rome... read more
Romans 16:12-15. Salute Tryphena and Tryphosa Probably two sisters; who labour in the Lord In the service of the Lord, according to their stations: as did also Persis, who seems to be here termed beloved, because she was distinguished among many for her fidelity and diligence. Salute Rufus Perhaps the same that is mentioned Mark 15:21. And his mother and mine This expression may only denote the tender care which Rufus’s mother had taken of him. Salute Asyncritus, Phlegon, &c.... read more
Romans 16:16. Salute one another with a holy kiss “The Jews considered the kiss as an expression of friendship. Thus Joab, pretending great friendship to Amasa, took him by the beard to kiss him, when he slew him, 2 Samuel 20:9. Our Lord says to Simon, Luke 7:45, Thou gavest me no kiss; meaning, that he had not expressed such affection to him as the woman had done who kissed his feet. Judas also kissed our Lord, pretending friendship to him, at the time he betrayed him. This manner of... read more
Romans 16:17-18. Now I beseech Παρακαλω , I exhort you, brethren, mark them Observe and point them out for the caution of others. The word σκοπειν , rendered to mark, signifies, to observe attentively and diligently, as those do who are placed on a watch-tower to observe the motions of their enemies. Who cause divisions Or, separations, as διχοστασιας signifies, namely, by their false doctrine; and offences Τα σκανδαλα , stumbling-blocks, or occasions of falling, by their... read more
Romans 16:19-20. For, &c. As if he had said, This exhortation I give you, to preserve you in the way in which hitherto you have walked, to the credit of the gospel: for your ready obedience and conformity to it, is come abroad unto all men Is generally taken notice of by all who observe such things: see 1 Thessalonians 1:8. The Greek is, literally, your obedience hath come to all That is, the fame of your obedience. For that such a number of the inhabitants of the metropolis of... read more
Romans 16:21. Timotheus my work-fellow Or fellow labourer, and Lucius, &c ., salute you Desire that their sincere love and Christian friendship may be testified to you. As Timothy had never been at Rome, he is not named in the beginning of the epistle. Of Paul’s first acquaintance with Timothy, see on Acts 16:1-3. We find a person of the name of Lucius, spoken of Acts 13:1, as one of the prophets of the church at Antioch; but that Lucius, being nowhere mentioned as Paul’s companion... read more
Personal greetings (16:1-27)The person who took this letter to Rome was Phoebe, a woman well respected for her work in the church in Cenchreae, one of the seaports of Corinth. She had been a tireless helper of Paul and many others, and Paul asks the Roman Christians to welcome her (16:1-2).Paul then sends greetings to a number of people whom he had met during his missionary travels and who now lived in Rome. First among these were Paul’s loyal friends, Aquila and Priscilla. They were now back... read more
Herodion . Greek masculine name. Narcissus . Only here. Common Greek name (masc). which = who. read more
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Albert Barnes' Notes on the Whole Bible - Romans 16:20
And the God of peace - The God who promotes peace; Romans 15:33.Will bruise - The “language” here refers to the prediction in Genesis 3:15. It here means to “subdue, to gain the victory over.” It denotes Paul’s confidence that they “would” gain the victory, and would be able to overcome all the arts of those who were endeavoring to sow discord and contention among them.Satan - The word “Satan” is Hebrew, meaning originally “an accuser, a calumniator,” and then “an enemy.” It is given to the... read more