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Matthew Henry

Matthew Henry's Complete Commentary - 1 Samuel 23:7-13

Here is, I. Saul contriving within himself the destruction of David (1 Sam. 23:7, 8): He heard that he had come to Keilah; and did he not hear what brought him thither? Was it not told him that he had bravely relieved Keilah and delivered it out of the hands of the Philistines? This, one would think, should have put Saul upon considering what honour and dignity should be done to David for this. But, instead of that, he catches at it as an opportunity of doing David a mischief. An ungrateful... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - 1 Samuel 23:9

And. David knew that Saul secretly practised mischief against him ,.... That is, plotted and contrived it, formed schemes in order to do him mischief, giving out one thing, and designing another; so he pretended war against the Philistines, but his intention was to come against Keilah, and take David there: and he said to Abiathar the priest, bring hither the ephod ; not for David to put on, but for the priest himself, that being clothed with it, and the Urim and Thummim in it, he might... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - 1 Samuel 23:10

Then said David ,.... By the priest, for it was he that put the questions for and in the name of the inquirer: O Lord God of Israel ; the great Jehovah, the covenant God of his people, who always has a merciful regard unto them: thy servant hath certainly heard ; had good information of it, on which he could depend: that Saul seeketh to come to Keilah ; that was his intention and resolution: to destroy the city for my sake ; to besiege it, and demolish it, if that was... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - 1 Samuel 23:11

Will the men of Keilah deliver me up into his hands? will Saul come down, as thy servant hath heard ?.... That is, if David continued there, which is the supposition all proceeds upon. The questions are not orderly put, as may easily be observed, the last should have been first; which shows some perturbation of mind David was in upon hearing the design of Saul against him: O Lord God of Israel, I beseech thee, tell thy servant ; give an answer by Urim and Thummim, as he did: and the... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - 1 Samuel 23:12

Then said David, will the men of Keilah deliver me and my men into the hand of Saul ?.... That is, the lords and great men of the place, the governor of the city, and the heads of it, the chief magistrates in it: and the Lord said, they will deliver thee up : that is, provided he stayed there; for the Lord knew the dispositions and affections of their minds, that they were inclined to do it, and would do it, if he continues among them till Saul came down; which showed the great... read more

Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - 1 Samuel 23:9

Bring hither the ephod - It seems as if David himself, clothed with the ephod, had consulted the Lord; and 1 Samuel 23:10-12 ; contain the words of the consultation, and the Lord's answer. But see on 1 Samuel 23:2 ; (note). read more

Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - 1 Samuel 23:11-12

In these verses we find the following questions and answers: - David said, Will Saul come down to Keilah? And the Lord said, He will come down. Will the men of Keilah deliver me and my men into the hand of Saul? And the Lord said, They will deliver thee up. In this short history we find an ample proof that there is such a thing as contingency in human affairs; that is, God has poised many things between a possibility of being and not being, leaving it to the will of the creature to turn the... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - 1 Samuel 23:6-12

Misinterpretation and miscalculation. The facts are— 1 . The moral position of David at Keilah is strengthened by the presence of Abiathar with the ephod. 2 . Saul, believing David to be shut up in the city, prepares a force to lay siege to Keilah. 3 . David, aware of this, has recourse to the ephod, and asks through Abiathar whether Saul was really coming, and whether, in case he came, the men of Keilah would give him up to Saul. 4 . He receives an affirmative reply to... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - 1 Samuel 23:9-13

Saul secretly practised mischief. This phrase is correctly translated "devised evil" in Proverbs 3:29 ; Proverbs 14:22 . There is no idea of secrecy in the Hebrew verb, which literally means "to work in metals," "to forge." Saul's purpose was open enough, and when David heard of it he tells Abiathar to bring the ephod, and then offers earnest prayer to God for counsel and advice. In his prayer his two questions are put inversely to the logical order, but in accordance with their relative... read more

Albert Barnes

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Whole Bible - 1 Samuel 23:12

The conduct of the men of Keilah would be like that of the men of Judah to Samson their deliverer Judges 15:10-13. read more

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