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Matthew Henry

Matthew Henry's Complete Commentary - Hosea 12:1-6

In these verses, I. Ephraim is convicted of folly, in staying himself upon Egypt and Assyria, when he was in straits (Hos. 12:1): Ephraim feeds on wind, that is, feeds himself with vain hopes of assistance from man, when he is at variance with God; and, when he meets with disappointments, he still pursues the same game, and greedily pants and follows after the east wind, which he cannot catch holy of, nor, if he could, would it be nourishing, nay, would be noxious. We say of the wind in the... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Hosea 12:3

He took his brother by the heel in the womb ,.... That is, Jacob took his brother Esau by the heel, as he came forth from his mother's womb; the history of it is in Genesis 25:25 . It is here observed, upon mentioning the name of Jacob in Hosea 12:2 , meaning the posterity, of the patriarch; but here he himself is intended, and occasionally taken notice of, to show how very different his posterity were from him, and how sadly degenerated; as well as to upbraid them with ingratitude,... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Hosea 12:4

Yea, he had power over the angel, and prevailed ,.... This is repeated in different words, not only for the confirmation of it, it being a very extraordinary thing, and difficult of belief; but to direct to the history here referred to, where the person Jacob prevailed over is called a man, and here the angel; and so Josephus F21 Ut supra. (Antiqu. l. 1. c. 20. sect. 2.) calls him a divine Person; not a created angel, not Michael, as the Rabbins say, unless the Messiah is meant by him;... read more

Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Hosea 12:3

He took his brother by the heel - See on Genesis 25:26 ; (note); Genesis 32:24 ; (note), etc. read more

Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Hosea 12:4

He had power over the Angel - Who represented the invisible Jehovah. He wept, and made supplication - He entreated with tears that God would bless him; and he prevailed. The circumstance of his weeping is not mentioned in Genesis. He found him in Beth-el - It was there that God made those glorious promises to Jacob relative to his posterity. See Genesis 28:13-15 . read more

John Calvin

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Hosea 12:3

Verse 3 In all this discourse the Prophet condemns the ingratitude of the people; and then he shows how shamefully they had departed from the example of their father, in whose name they yet took pride. This is the substance. Their ingratitude is showed in this, that they did not acknowledge that they had been anticipated, (84) in the person of their father Jacob, by the gratuitous mercy of God. The first history is indeed referred to for this end, that the posterity of Jacob might understand... read more

John Calvin

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Hosea 12:4

Verse 4 And since this was especially worthy of being remembered, he repeats, that he had power with the angel, and prevailed. But we have already said how Jacob prevailed not indeed of himself, but because God had so distributed his power, that the greater part was in Jacob himself. I am therefore wont, when I speak of the wrestling and of the daily contests with which God exercises the godly, to adduce this similitude, — That God fights with us with his left hand, and defends us with his... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Hosea 12:1-6

Reproof, retrospect, and exhortation. Ephraim is reproved for the pursuit of empty and vain courses, and courses detrimental to their best and real interests. Judah is included in the threatening which follows. They are exhorted to follow the example of the patriarch which is proposed for their imitation, with implied promise of similar success. The unchangeableness of God, who not only accepted Jacob, but blessed and prospered him, is held out to the descendants of Jacob as a guarantee of... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Hosea 12:3

He took his brother by the heel in the womb, and by his strength he had power (margin, was a prince, or, behaved himself princely ) with God. In this verse and the following the prophet looks away back into the far-distant past; and this retrospect, which is suggested by the names Jacob and Israel, reminds him of two well-known events in the life of the patriarch-The meaning and intention of this reminiscence are differently interpreted. The two leading views are the following: (a) ... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Hosea 12:3

Power with God. The prophet here introduced a reference to Jacob, one of the ancestors of the chosen people, in order to encourage his descendants to apply for mercy to the God of Abraham, of Isaac, and of Jacob. The Eternal and Unchangeable remained the same; and what God had done for the ancient saints he was willing to do for their posterity. The expression used with regard to Jacob deserves attention: "In his strength he put forth power [or, 'prowess'] with God." I. WHENCE POWER ... read more

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