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Matthew Henry

Matthew Henry's Complete Commentary - Daniel 1:1-7

We have in these verses an account, I. Of the first descent which Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon, in the first year of his reign, made upon Judah and Jerusalem, in the third year of the reign of Jehoiakim, and his success in that expedition (Dan. 1:1, 2): He besieged Jerusalem, soon made himself master of it, seized the king, took whom he pleased and what he pleased away with him, and then left Jehoiakim to reign as tributary to him, which he did about eight years longer, but then rebelled,... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Daniel 1:1

In the third year of the reign of Jehoiakim king of Judah ,.... At the close of it, and at the beginning of the fourth, which was the first of Nebuchadnezzar, Jeremiah 25:1 . Jerusalem seems to have been taken twice in his time, and two captivities in it: the first was in the third or fourth year of his reign; when humbling himself, he was restored to his kingdom, though he became a tributary to the king of Babylon; Daniel and his companions, who were carried captive with him, were... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Daniel 1:2

The Lord gave Jehoiakim king of Judah into his hand ,.... And the city of Jerusalem too, or he could not have took the king, and so the Syriac version renders it, and the Lord delivered it into his hands, and Jehoiakim , &c.;: this was from the Lord, because of his sins, and the sins of his ancestors, and of his people; or otherwise the king of Babylon could not have taken the city, nor him, because of the great power of the Jews, as Jacchiades observes: with part of the vessels... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Daniel 1:3

And the king spake unto Ashpenaz, the master of his eunuchs ,.... That is, Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon spake to this officer of his, whose name was Ashpenaz; which, according to Saadiah, signifies a man of an angry countenance; but Hillerus F5 Onomast. Sacr. p. 752,753. derives it from the Arabic word "schaphan", as designing one that excels in wit and understanding; for which reason he might have the command of the eunuchs, many of which the eastern princes had about them,... read more

Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Daniel 1:1

In the third year of the reign of Jehoiakim - This king was raised to the throne of Judea in the place of his brother Jehoahaz, by Pharaoh-necho, king of Egypt, 2 Kings 23:34-36 , and continued tributary to him during the first three years of his reign; but in the fourth, which was the first of Nebuchadnezzar, Jeremiah 25:1 , Nebuchadnezzar completely defeated the Egyptian army near the Euphrates, Jeremiah 46:2 ; and this victory put the neighboring countries of Syria, among which... read more

Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Daniel 1:2

Part of the vessels of the house of God - He took the richest and finest of them for the service of his god Bel, and left what were necessary for carrying on the public worship of Jehovah, (for he did not attempt to alter the civil or religious constitution of Judea); for leaving Jehoiakim on the throne, he only laid the land under tribute. The Chaldeans carried these sacred vessels away at three different times. In the war spoken of in this place. In the taking of Jerusalem and... read more

Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Daniel 1:3

Master of his eunuchs - This word eunuchs signifies officers about or in the palace whether literally eunuchs or not. read more

John Calvin

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Daniel 1:1

Verse 1 These are not two different things, but the Prophet explains and confirms the same sentiments by a change of phrase, and says that the vessels which Nebuchadnezzar had brought into the land of Shinar were laid up in the house of the treasury. The Hebrews, as we know, generally use the word “house” for any place, as they call the temple God’s “house ” Of the land of Shinar, it must be remarked, that it was a plain adjacent to Babylon; and the famous temple of Belus, to which the Prophet... read more

John Calvin

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Daniel 1:3

Verse 3 Here Daniel pursues his narrative, and shows the manner in which he was led away together with his companions. The king had demanded young men to be brought, not from the ordinary multitude, but from the principal nobility, who stood before him, that is, ministered to him. Hence, we ascertain why Daniel and his companions were chosen, because they were noble young men and of the royal seed, or at least of parents who surpassed others in rank. The king did this purposely to show himself... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Daniel 1:1

In the third year of the reign of Jehoiakim King of Judah . After the defeat and death of Josiah, the people of the land put on the throne Jehoahaz, or Shallum ( Jeremiah 22:11 ), one of the sons of their late monarch ( 2 Kings 23:30 ). We see, by comparing 2 Kings 23:31 with 2 Kings 23:36 , that in taking Jehoahaz to be their king they had passed over the law of primogeniture. The reason of this would not unlikely be that he represented the policy of his father Josiah, which may... read more

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