出埃及记 1:11-14 RCUVSS

Matthew Henry's Complete Commentary - Exodus 1:8-14

The land of Egypt here, at length, becomes to Israel a house of bondage, though hitherto it had been a happy shelter and settlement for them. Note, The place of our satisfaction may soon become the place of our affliction, and that may prove the greatest cross to us of which we said, This same shall comfort us. Those may prove our sworn enemies whose parents were our faithful friends; nay, the same persons that loved us may possibly turn to hate us: therefore cease from man, and say not... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Exodus 1:11

Therefore they did set taskmasters over them, to afflict them with their burdens ,.... This was the first scheme proposed and agreed on, and was carried into execution, to appoint taskmasters over them; or "princes", or "masters of tribute" F18 שרי מסים "principes tributorum", Pagninus, Montanus, Fagius, Drusius, Cartwright; so Tigurine version. , commissioners of taxes, who had power to lay heavy taxes upon them, and oblige them to pay them, which were very burdensome, and so... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Exodus 1:12

But the more they afflicted them, the more they multiplied and grew ,.... Became more numerous, "and broke out" F2 יפיץ "erumpebat", Junius & Tremellius, Drusius, Tigurine version. , as it may be rendered, like water which breaks out and spreads itself; so the Israelites, increasing in number, spread themselves still more in the land; the Egyptians thought, by putting them to hard labour in building cities, to have weakened their strength, and made them unfit for the procreation... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Exodus 1:13

And the Egyptians made the children of Israel to serve with rigour . Or with breach F3 בפרך "in fractione", Cajetan. apud Rivet. , with what might tend to break their strength; they laid heavier burdens upon them, obliged them to harder service, used them more cruelly and with greater fierceness, adding to their hard service ill words, and perhaps blows. read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Exodus 1:14

And they made their lives bitter with hard bondage ,.... So that they had no ease of body nor peace of mind; they had no comfort of life, their lives and mercies were embittered to them: in mortar and in brick, and in all manner of service of the field ; if Pelusium was one of the cities they built, that had its name from clay, the soil about it being clayish, and where the Israelites might be employed in making brick for the building of that and other cities: Josephus F4 Antiqu. l.... read more

Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Exodus 1:11

Set over them task-masters - מסים שרי sarey missim , chiefs or princes of burdens, works, or tribute; επιστατας των εργων , Sept. overseers of the works. The persons who appointed them their work, and exacted the performance of it. The work itself being oppressive, and the manner in which it was exacted still more so, there is some room to think that they not only worked them unmercifully, but also obliged them to pay an exorbitant tribute at the same time. Treasure cities - ... read more

Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Exodus 1:12

But the more they afflicted them - The margin has pretty nearly preserved the import of the original: And as they afflicted them, so they multiplied and so they grew That is, in proportion to their afflictions was their prosperity; and had their sufferings been greater, their increase would have been still more abundant. read more

Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Exodus 1:13

To serve with rigour - בפרך bepharech , with cruelty, great oppression; being ferocious with them. The word fierce is supposed by some to be derived from the Hebrew, as well as the Latin ferox , from which we more immediately bring our English term. This kind of cruelty to slaves, and ferociousness, unfeelingness, and hard-heartedness, were particularly forbidden to the children of Israel. See Leviticus 25:43 , Leviticus 25:46 , where the same word is used: Thou shalt not rule over... read more

Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Exodus 1:14

They made their lives bitter - So that they became weary of life, through the severity of their servitude. With hard bondage - קשה בעבדה baabodah kashah , with grievous servitude. This was the general character of their life in Egypt; it was a life of the most painful servitude, oppressive enough in itself, but made much more so by the cruel manner of their treatment while performing their tasks. In mortar, and in brick - First, in digging the clay, kneading, and preparing it,... read more

John Calvin

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Exodus 1:11

Verse 11 11.Therefore they did set over them. The Egyptians devised this remedy for gradually diminishing the children of Israel. Since they are subjects, they may afflict them with burdens, to depress them; and this slavery will weaken and decrease them. But their power over them as subjects should not have been carried so far as to impose upon inoffensive persons, to whom they had granted free permission to reside among them, these new tributes; for they ought first to have considered upon... read more

Matthew Henry's Complete Commentary - Exodus 1:8-14

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Exodus 1:11

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Exodus 1:12

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Exodus 1:13

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Exodus 1:14

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Exodus 1:11

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Exodus 1:12

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Exodus 1:13

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Exodus 1:14

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Exodus 1:11

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