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Matthew Henry

Matthew Henry's Complete Commentary - 2 Samuel 23:8-38

I. The catalogue which the historian has here left upon record of the great soldiers that were in David's time is intended, 1. For the honour of David, who trained them up in the arts of exercises of war, and set them an example of conduct and courage. It is the reputation as well as the advantage of a prince to be attended and served by such brave men as are here described. 2. For the honour of those worthies themselves, who were instrumental to bring David to the crown, settle and protect... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - 2 Samuel 23:17

And he said, be it far from me, O Lord, that one should do this ,.... Drink of the water these men had brought him: is not this the blood of the men that went in jeopardy of their lives ? who risked the shedding of their blood, and went in danger of their lives to get it: therefore he would not drink it : some compare with this the story of Alexander F4 Curt. Hist. l. 7. c. 5. to whom a vessel of water was offered when in extreme thirst, which he refused, because he could not... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - 2 Samuel 23:18

And Abishai, the brother of Joab, the son of Zeruiah, was chief among the three ,.... Another triumvirate, of which he was the head: and he lifted up his spear against three hundred, and slew them ; Josephus F5 Antiqu. l. 7. c. 12. sect. 4. says six hundred; this seems to confirm the reading of 2 Samuel 23:8 , that the number eight hundred is right, for if it was only three hundred, Abishai would have been equal to one, even the first, of the former three; which yet is denied... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - 2 Samuel 23:19

Was he not most honourable of three ?.... He was; who, besides the exploit here mentioned, did many other things; he went down with David into Saul's camp, and took away his spear and cruse, which were at his bolster, 1 Samuel 26:6 ; he relieved David when in danger from Ishbibenob the giant, 2 Samuel 21:16 ; he beat the Edomites, and slew eighteen thousand of them in the valley of salt, 1 Chronicles 18:12 , therefore he was their captain ; of the other two, or was head over them,... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - 2 Samuel 23:20

And Benaiah the son of Jehoiada, the son of a valiant man of Kabzeel ,.... A city in the tribe of Judah, Joshua 15:21 ; the father of this man was a man of great vivacity, valour, and strength, so that it was like father like son. Procopius Gazaeus says Benaiah was David's brother's son, and a grandson of Jesse: who had done many acts ; which may refer either to the father of Benaiah or to Benaiah himself; and indeed the Syriac and Arabic versions refer the preceding character, "a... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - 2 Samuel 23:21

And he slew an Egyptian, a goodly man ,.... A person of good countenance and shape, very large and tall; in 1 Chronicles 11:28 , he is said to be a man of great stature, and five cubits high, and so wanted a cubit and a span of the height of Goliath, 1 Samuel 17:4 , and the Egyptian had a spear in his hand ; as large as Goliath's; for in 1 Chronicles 11:23 , it is said to be like a weaver's beam, as Goliath's was; see Gill on 1 Samuel 17:7 , and he went down to him with a... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - 2 Samuel 23:22

These things did Benaiah the son of Jehoiada ,.... Slew a lion, and two lion-like men of Moab, and an Egyptian of a gigantic stature, 2 Samuel 23:20 , and had the name among three mighty men ; of which he was one, and Abishai another, the third Asahel, one of the thirty; or was over them, 2 Samuel 23:24 , since thirty are reckoned without him. Abarbinel thinks that the third was Adina, the son of Shiza, the Reubenite, 1 Chronicles 11:42 ; since thirty were with him, and he at the... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - 2 Samuel 23:23

He was more honourable than the thirty ,.... Whose names are after recorded: but he attained not to the first three ; the first triumvirate, Jashobeam, Eleazar, and Shammah; he was not equal to them for fortitude, courage, and military exploits: and David set him over his guard ; his bodyguard, the Cherethites and Pelethites, 2 Samuel 8:18 ; who are called in the Hebrew text "his hearing" F13 אל משמעתו "ad auditum suum", Pagninus, Montanus. , because they hearkened to... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - 2 Samuel 23:24

Asahel the brother of Joab was one of the thirty ,.... Or rather over the thirty F14 בשלישים "supra triginta istos", Junius & Tremellius. , who are next mentioned; since there are thirty reckoned besides him, and the Arabic version calls him the prince of the thirty; Joab is not named at all, because he was general of the whole army, and so not to be reckoned in any of the three classes: Elhanan the son of Dodo of Bethlehem : a townsman of David. read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - 2 Samuel 23:25

Shammah the Harodite ,.... Called Shammah the Harorite in 1 Chronicles 11:27 ; by a change of the letters ר "R" and ד "D", which is frequent: Elika the Harodite ; or who was of Harod, as the Targum; these both were from one place: mention is made of the well of Harod, Judges 7:1 . read more

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