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Matthew Henry

Matthew Henry's Complete Commentary - Esther 3:1-6

Here we have, I. Haman advanced by the prince, and adored thereupon by the people. Ahasuerus had lately laid Esther in his bosom, but she had no such interest in him as to get her friends preferred, or to prevent the preferring of one who she knew was an enemy to her people. When those that are good become great they still find that they cannot do good, nor prevent mischief, as they would. This Haman was an Agagite (an Amalekite, says Josephus), probably of the descendants of Agag, a common... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Esther 3:2

And the king's servants that were in the king's gate ,.... Or court, all his courtiers; for it cannot be thought they were all porters, or such only that bowed and reverenced Haman ; gave him divine honours, as to a deity; for such were given to the kings of Persia F11 Vid. Salden. Otia Theolog. l. 3. Exercitat. 1. sec. 4, 5. , and might be given to their favourites, and seems to be the case; for, though Haman might not erect a statue of himself, or have images painted on his... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Esther 3:3

Then the king's servants, which were in the king's gate ,.... Observing the behaviour of Mordecai towards Haman from time to time: said unto Mordecai, why transgressest thou the king's commandment ? of giving reverence to Haman, which they knew he could not be ignorant of. read more

Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Esther 3:2

The king ' s servants , that were in the king ' s gate - By servants here, certainly a higher class of officers are intended than porters; and Mordecai was one of those officers, and came to the gate with the others who were usually there in attendance to receive the commands of the king. Mordecai bowed not - לאיכרע lo yichra . "He did not bow down;" nor did him reverence, ישתחוה ולא velo yishtachaveh , "nor did he prostrate himself." I think it most... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Esther 3:1-2

Danger of quick success. I. A SUDDEN ADVANCEMENT . In a short time Haman was placed above all the princes. The officials of the court were commanded to give him reverence and worship. There seemed to be nothing which the infatuated king was able to refuse him. A quick rise to power, and one that would be envied by many! In most hearts there is a strong craving for rapid success. But it is a mistake to suppose that sudden or easy success is a benefit. For observe— 1 . Prosperity... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Esther 3:1-6

Foolish pride and wild resentment. The lesson of this portion of the narrative is one concerning human sin. In some places Scripture seems to depict the character and the conduct of sinners in such a way as to impress the mind of the reader with what is called "the exceeding sinfulness of sin." And what more natural and appropriate than such representations of human iniquity in a book which brings to us the remedy for the disease, and the liberation from the bondage, which afflict mankind?... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Esther 3:2

All the king's servants . Literally, "the king's slaves"—the lower officers of the court, porters and others, of about the same rank as Mordecai. Bowed and reverenced Haman . i.e. prostrated themselves before him in the usual Oriental fashion. For the king had so commanded . No reason is assigned for this order, which was certainly unusual, since the prostration of an inferior before a superior was a general rule (Herod; 1.134). Perhaps Haman had been elevated from a very low... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Esther 3:2

The perfection of steadfastness. "But Mordecai bowed not, nor did him reverence." This book of Esther abounds in revelation of human nature. It has been much remarked upon as not containing the name of God. Furthermore, it has nothing of strict doctrine in its technical and theological sense. Neither does it lay itself out to exhibit the great spiritual facts which arrest the attention of the Bible reader in other portions of it. It does not refer with any explicitness to the unseen, to... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Esther 3:2-5

Contrasts. Haman was not allowed to enjoy his high and ill-gotten position without trouble. Almost at the outset it brought him an annoyance which led to tragical results. In connection with this check to the triumph of his course, notice— I. THAT A REAL AND MARKED CONTRAST EXISTS BETWEEN THOSE WHO " FEAR GOD " AND THOSE WHO " LOVE THE PRAISE OF MEN ." The servants who "sat in the king's gate" readily obeyed the command that they should do homage... read more

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