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Matthew Henry

Matthew Henry's Complete Commentary - 2 Samuel 23:8-38

I. The catalogue which the historian has here left upon record of the great soldiers that were in David's time is intended, 1. For the honour of David, who trained them up in the arts of exercises of war, and set them an example of conduct and courage. It is the reputation as well as the advantage of a prince to be attended and served by such brave men as are here described. 2. For the honour of those worthies themselves, who were instrumental to bring David to the crown, settle and protect... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - 2 Samuel 23:21

And he slew an Egyptian, a goodly man ,.... A person of good countenance and shape, very large and tall; in 1 Chronicles 11:28 , he is said to be a man of great stature, and five cubits high, and so wanted a cubit and a span of the height of Goliath, 1 Samuel 17:4 , and the Egyptian had a spear in his hand ; as large as Goliath's; for in 1 Chronicles 11:23 , it is said to be like a weaver's beam, as Goliath's was; see Gill on 1 Samuel 17:7 , and he went down to him with a... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - 2 Samuel 23:22

These things did Benaiah the son of Jehoiada ,.... Slew a lion, and two lion-like men of Moab, and an Egyptian of a gigantic stature, 2 Samuel 23:20 , and had the name among three mighty men ; of which he was one, and Abishai another, the third Asahel, one of the thirty; or was over them, 2 Samuel 23:24 , since thirty are reckoned without him. Abarbinel thinks that the third was Adina, the son of Shiza, the Reubenite, 1 Chronicles 11:42 ; since thirty were with him, and he at the... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - 2 Samuel 23:23

He was more honourable than the thirty ,.... Whose names are after recorded: but he attained not to the first three ; the first triumvirate, Jashobeam, Eleazar, and Shammah; he was not equal to them for fortitude, courage, and military exploits: and David set him over his guard ; his bodyguard, the Cherethites and Pelethites, 2 Samuel 8:18 ; who are called in the Hebrew text "his hearing" F13 אל משמעתו "ad auditum suum", Pagninus, Montanus. , because they hearkened to... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - 2 Samuel 23:24

Asahel the brother of Joab was one of the thirty ,.... Or rather over the thirty F14 בשלישים "supra triginta istos", Junius & Tremellius. , who are next mentioned; since there are thirty reckoned besides him, and the Arabic version calls him the prince of the thirty; Joab is not named at all, because he was general of the whole army, and so not to be reckoned in any of the three classes: Elhanan the son of Dodo of Bethlehem : a townsman of David. read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - 2 Samuel 23:25

Shammah the Harodite ,.... Called Shammah the Harorite in 1 Chronicles 11:27 ; by a change of the letters ר "R" and ד "D", which is frequent: Elika the Harodite ; or who was of Harod, as the Targum; these both were from one place: mention is made of the well of Harod, Judges 7:1 . read more

Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - 2 Samuel 23:21

He slew an Egyptian - This man in 1 Chronicles 11:23 ; is stated to have been five cubits high, about seven feet six inches. He went down to him with a staff - I have known men who, with a staff only for their defense, could render the sword of the best practiced soldier of no use to him. I have seen even a parallel instance of a man with his staff being attacked by a soldier with his hanger; he soon beat the weapon out of the soldier's hand, and could easily have... read more

Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - 2 Samuel 23:23

David set him over his guard - The Vulgate renders this, Fecitque eun sibi David auricularium a secreto , "David made him his privy counsellor;" or, according to the Hebrew, He put him to his ears, i.e., confided his secrets to him. Some think he made him a spy over the rest. It is supposed that the meaning of the fable which attributes to Midas very long ears, is, that this king carried the system of espionage to a great length; that he had a multitude of spies in different... read more

Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - 2 Samuel 23:24

Asahel - was one of the thirty - Asahel was one of those officers, or troops, called the shalishim . This Asahel, brother of Joab, was the same that was killed by Abner, 2 Samuel 2:23 . read more

Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - 2 Samuel 23:25

Shammah the Harodite - There are several varieties in the names of the following shalishim ; which may be seen by comparing these verses with 1 Chronicles 11:27 . read more

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