Esther 1:22 NIV

Matthew Henry's Complete Commentary - Esther 1:10-22

We have here a damp to all the mirth of Ahasuerus's feast; it ended in heaviness, not as Job's children's feast by a wind from the wilderness, not as Belshazzar's by a hand-writing on the wall, but by is own folly. An unhappy falling out there was, at the end of the feast, between the king and queen, which broke of the feast abruptly, and sent the guests away silent and ashamed. I. It was certainly the king's weakness to send for Vashti into his presence when he was drunk, and in company with... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Esther 1:22

For he sent letters unto all the king's provinces ,.... The one hundred and twenty seven provinces, Esther 1:1 , which, according to the Targum, were written and sealed with his own seal; which is very probable: into every province according to the writing thereof, and to every people after their language ; that is, these letters were written in the language, and in the characters in which that language was written, used in each of the provinces to which these letters were sent, that... read more

Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Esther 1:22

That every man should bear rule in his own house - Both God's law and common sense taught this from the foundation of the world. And is it possible that this did not obtain in the Persian empire, previously to this edict? The twentieth verse has another clause, That all wives shall give to their husbands honor, both to great and small. This also was universally understood. This law did nothing. I suppose the parade of enactment was only made to deprive honest Vashti of her... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Esther 1:1-22

The Book of Esther. There is a striking contrast between the Books of RUTH and ESTHER . The earlier book is an idyll; the later a chronicle. The earlier relates to lowly persons and to rural life; the later to kings and queens, and to a great Oriental metropolis. The earlier is the story of a family, and its interest is domestic; the later is a chapter from the history of a people, and deals with the intrigues of a court and the policy of a state. The religious character and aim of... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Esther 1:10-22

On the seventh day of the feast "to all in Shushan" ( Esther 1:5 ), the king having excited himself with drink, took it into his head to send a message to Vashti, requiring her to make her appearance in the banquet of the men, since he desired to exhibit her beauty to the assembled guests, as "she was fair to look on" ( Esther 1:11 ). His design must have been to present her unveiled to the coarse admiration of a multitude of semi-drunken revellers, in order that they might envy him... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Esther 1:16-22

The parody of legislature. If any be tempted at first to think of the king's conferences (as here reported) with those whom we will call his statesmen as though they were scarcely serious and in earnest,—fortunate to be carried on within the protection of closed doors; the monarch, in fact, secretly smiling at his ministers, and they in turn scarcely dissembling in his presence their real convictions of his impossible folly and of their own obsequious and shallow proposals,—yet it would be... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Esther 1:22

For he sent . Rather, " and he sent." Besides publishing the decree, Ahasuerus sent letters prescribing certain things, viz.:— 1 . That every man should bear rule in his own house; and, 2 . That every man should speak his own language in his family, and not that of his wife, if it were different. This is the plain meaning of the existing text, which cannot bear either of the senses suggested in the Authorised Version. read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Esther 1:22

Rule in the house. The purport of the edict here recorded was good, although there seems something almost ludicrous in the feelings and the fears which prompted its framers and promulgators. "That every man should bear rule in his own house" seems scarcely a regulation to be prescribed by political authority. I. IT IS A PRINCIPLE FOUNDED UPON NATURAL , DIVINE AUTHORITY . It is written upon the very constitution of human nature that a wife should be directed by her... read more

Albert Barnes

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Whole Bible - Esther 1:22

He sent letters - The Persian system of posts incidentally noticed in the present book Esther 3:12-15; Esther 8:9-14, is in entire harmony with the accounts of Herodotus and Xenophon.Into every province according to the writing thereof - The practice of the Persians to address proclamations to the subject-nations in their own speech, and not merely in the language of the conqueror, is illustrated by the bilingual and trilingual inscriptions of the Achaemenian monarchs, from Cyrus to Artaxerxes... read more

Joseph Benson

Joseph Benson's Commentary of the Old and New Testaments - Esther 1:22

Esther 1:22. That it should be published according to the language of every people That all sorts of persons, not men only, but women also, might understand it, and therefore be inexcusable if they did not comply with it. read more

Matthew Henry's Complete Commentary - Esther 1:10-22

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Esther 1:22

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Esther 1:22

The Pulpit Commentary - Esther 1:1-22

The Pulpit Commentary - Esther 1:10-22

The Pulpit Commentary - Esther 1:16-22

The Pulpit Commentary - Esther 1:22

The Pulpit Commentary - Esther 1:22

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Whole Bible - Esther 1:22

Joseph Benson's Commentary of the Old and New Testaments - Esther 1:22

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