Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Exodus 21:12-17
Homicide 21:12-17 read more
Exodus 21:17 Kjv
Thomas Constable
Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Exodus 21:15-17
The Code of Hammurabi specified that the person who struck his father should have his hands cut off. [Note: Ibid., section 195.] The Torah took a stronger position requiring the death of the person who struck either parent. The reason seems to be that by doing so the striker did not honor his parents but revolted against God’s ordained authority over him or her (Exodus 21:15; cf. Exodus 20:12)."In the first place age is not a factor in the determining of a delinquent in the ancient Near East:... read more
John Dummelow
John Dummelow's Commentary on the Bible - Exodus 21:1-36
The Book of the Covenant (continued)I-ii. Regulations regarding the Treatment of Hebrew Slaves.Slavery was universal in ancient times, and the Mosaic Law does not abolish it. Among the Hebrews, however, slavery was by no means the degrading and oppressive thing that it was among other nations. Manstealing, upon which modern systems of slavery are based, was a crime punishable by death (see Exodus 21:16), and the Law of Moses recognises the right of a slave to just and honourable treatment. A... read more
Charles John Ellicott
Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers - Exodus 21:15-17
(15-17) And he that smiteth his father . . .-With homicide are conjoined some other offences, regarded as of a heinous character, and made punishable by death: viz. (1), striking a parent; (2) kidnapping; and (3) cursing a parent. The immediate sequence of these crimes upon murder, and their punishment by the same penalty, marks strongly God’s abhorrence of them. The parent is viewed as God’s representative, and to smite him is to offer God an insult in his person. To curse him implies, if... read more
William Nicoll
Expositor's Dictionary of Texts - Exodus 21:1-36
Exodus 21:1 The Maker's Laws, whether they are promulgated in Sinai thunder, to the ear or imagination, or quite otherwise promulgated, are the Laws of God; transcendent, everlasting, demanding obedience from all men. The Universe is made by Law; the great Soul of the World is just and not unjust. Look then, if thou have eyes or soul left, into this Shoreless Incomprehensible; into the heart of its tumultuous Appearances, Embroilments and mad Time-Vortexes, is there not, silent, eternal, an... read more
William Nicoll
Expositor's Bible Commentary - Exodus 21:1-32
CHAPTER XXI.THE LESSER LAW (continued).PART II.--RIGHTS OF THE PERSON.Exodus 21:1-32.The first words of God from Sinai had declared that He was Jehovah Who brought them out of slavery. And in this remarkable code, the first person whose rights are dealt with is the slave. We saw that a denunciation of all slavery would have been premature, and therefore unwise; but assuredly the germs of emancipation were already planted by this giving of the foremost place to the rights of the least of all and... read more
William Nicoll
Expositor's Bible Commentary - Exodus 21:1-36
6THE LESSER LAW.Exodus 20:18 - Exodus 23:33.With the close of the Decalogue and its universal obligations, we approach a brief code of laws, purely Hebrew, but of the deepest moral interest, confessed by hostile criticism to bear every mark of a remote antiquity, and distinctly severed from what precedes and follows by a marked difference in the circumstances.This is evidently the book of the Covenant to which the nation gave its formal assent (Exodus 24:7), and is therefore the germ and the... read more
Arno Clemens Gaebelein
Arno Gaebelein's Annotated Bible - Exodus 21:1-36
CHAPTER 21 Different Judgments 1. Master and servant (Exodus 21:1-11 ) 2. Concerning injury to the person (Exodus 21:12-32 ) 3. Concerning property (Exodus 21:33-36 ) The Three Chapters which follow the giving of the Ten Commandments give the practical application of the Decalogue in the daily life. The duties towards the fellowman are demonstrated in part. There are seven sections to these three chapters; each section contains ten precepts. The servant occupies the first place. He was... read more
L.M. Grant
L. M. Grant's Commentary on the Bible - Exodus 21:1-36
RESPONSIBILITIES OF MASTERS (vs.1-11) Moses is now given an expanded view of the law on Chapters 21-23. Special duties of masters are first considered. They may think they have full authority over their slaves, but they must first remember God's authority over themselves. For God decidedly limits their authority over slaves. It was permissible to buy a Hebrew slave. Sometimes one would become so poor as to sell himself to another (Leviticus 25:39), but his master was to strictly observe... read more
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Coffman Commentaries on the Bible - Exodus 21:15-17
"And he that smiteth his father, or his mother shall surely be put to death. And he that stealeth a man, and selleth him, or if he be found in his hand, he shall surely be put to death. And he that curseth his father or his mother, shall surely be put to death."These three verses are apparently a parenthesis in the protective rights provided to inadvertent manslayers, their apparent purpose being that of assurance that all persons who committed any of the crimes mentioned here were to be denied... read more