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James Burton Coffman

Coffman Commentaries on the Bible - Exodus 22:20-24

"He that sacrifices unto any god, save unto Jehovah only, shall be utterly destroyed. And a sojourner shalt thou not wrong, neither shalt thou oppress him: for ye were sojourners in the land of Egypt. Ye shall not afflict any widow, or fatherless child. If thou afflict them at all, and they cry at all unto me, I will surely hear their cry; and my wrath shall wax hot, and I will kill you with the sword; and your wives shall be widows, and your children fatherless."Harford noted that "custom gave... read more

Thomas Coke

Thomas Coke Commentary on the Holy Bible - Exodus 22:20

Exodus 22:20. He that sacrificeth— A particular species of worship is here used to express worship in general: it means, he that payeth any religious honour,—shall be utterly destroyed; delivered to death, Deuteronomy 13:15; Deuteronomy 17:2-5. Houbigant observes here, that the Samaritan reading is the best: he that sacrificeth to strange gods, shall be devoted to death. read more

Thomas Constable

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Exodus 22:18-20

God prohibited three more practices each of which brought the death penalty. All involve idolatry.In the ancient world, people made a distinction between black magic and white magic. The former sought to harm someone, and the latter did not. The Hammurabi Code prohibited the former only, [Note: Code of Hamurabi, section 2.] but the Torah outlawed both without distinction. Magic constituted an attempt to override God’s will. Probably Moses mentioned only the sorceress (Exodus 22:18) because... read more

John Dummelow

John Dummelow's Commentary on the Bible - Exodus 22:1-31

The Book of the Covenant (continued)1. Four sheep] The larger compensation required in the case of the ox is probably due to the fact that it is an animal used for labour, and of proportionately higher value, therefore, than a sheep: cp. 2 Samuel 12:6. 2. Breaking up] RV ’breaking in.’ 3. If the sun be risen upon him] i.e. if the housebreaking be committed in daylight. The nocturnal burglar is more dangerous and cannot be so easily detected. In a case of daylight robbery it is less necessary to... read more

Charles John Ellicott

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers - Exodus 22:16-31

MISCELLANEOUS LAWS.(16-31) The remainder of the chapter contains laws which it is impossible to bring under any general head or heads, and which can, therefore, only be regarded as miscellaneous. Moses may have recorded them in the order in which they were delivered to him; or have committed them to writing as they afterwards occurred to his memory. read more

Charles John Ellicott

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers - Exodus 22:20

(20) He that sacrificeth.—Sacrifice in this place represents worship generally, being its most essential act. Elsewhere the death-penalty is affixed to any acknowledgment of false gods (Deuteronomy 13:1-16).Shall be utterly destroyed.—Heb., Shall be devoted, i.e., devoted to destruction. read more

William Nicoll

Expositor's Bible Commentary - Exodus 22:1-31

6THE LESSER LAW.Exodus 20:18 - Exodus 23:33.With the close of the Decalogue and its universal obligations, we approach a brief code of laws, purely Hebrew, but of the deepest moral interest, confessed by hostile criticism to bear every mark of a remote antiquity, and distinctly severed from what precedes and follows by a marked difference in the circumstances.This is evidently the book of the Covenant to which the nation gave its formal assent (Exodus 24:7), and is therefore the germ and the... read more

William Nicoll

Expositor's Bible Commentary - Exodus 22:16-31

CHAPTER XXII.THE LESSER LAW (continued).PART IV.Exodus 22:16 - Exodus 23:19.The Fourth section of this law within the law consists of enactments, curiously disconnected, many of them without a penalty, varying greatly in importance, but all of a moral nature, and connected with the well-being of the state. It is hard to conceive how the systematic revision of which we hear so much could have left them in the condition in which they stand.It is enacted that a seducer must marry the woman he has... read more

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