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Matthew Henry

Matthew Henry's Complete Commentary - Exodus 10:1-11

Here, I. Moses is instructed. We may well suppose that he, for his part, was much astonished both at Pharaoh's obstinacy and at God's severity, and could not but be compassionately concerned for the desolations of Egypt, and at a loss to conceive what this contest would come to at last. Now here God tells him what he designed, not only Israel's release, but the magnifying of his own name: That thou mayest tell in thy writings, which shall continue to the world's end, what I have wrought in... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Exodus 10:3

And Moses and Aaron came in unto Pharaoh ,.... As the Lord commanded them, for what is before said to Moses was designed for Aaron also, his prophet and spokesman: and said unto him, thus saith the Lord God of the Hebrews ; as the ambassadors of the God of Israel, and in his name said: how long wilt thou refuse to humble thyself before me ? to acknowledge his offence, lie low before God, and be subject to his will; he had humbled himself for a moment, but then this did not continue;... read more

Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Exodus 10:3

How long wilt thou refuse to humble thyself - Had it been impossible for Pharaoh, in all the preceding plagues, to have humbled himself and repented can we suppose that God could have addressed him in such language as the preceding? We may rest assured that there was always a time in which he might have relented, and that it was because he hardened his heart at such times that God is said to harden him, i.e., to give him up to his own stubborn and obstinate heart; in consequence of which he... read more

John Calvin

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Exodus 10:3

Verse 3 3.And Moses and Aaron came in. Moses now relates how, at God’s command, he tried whether Pharaoh’s heart, after so many experiments, would be bent to obedience out of fear of the new punishment which impended. But by this proof his impiety was better known, since, although he saw his kingdom deprived of a part of its corn, he fears not what is denounced by Moses respecting the other part. Therefore he reproves him still more severely, inquiring, “How long” wilt thou proudly resist the... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Exodus 10:1-7

A new Message. Even yet God had not done with the King of Egypt. He sends Moses again to ply him with reproof and threatening. The final stroke is put off as long as possible. If "by all means" ( 1 Corinthians 9:22 ) Pharaoh can be saved, he will not be lost for want of the opportunity. God tells Moses his design in dealing with the monarch as he did, and gives him a new message to carry to the royal presence. I. GOD 'S DESIGN ( Exodus 10:1 , Exodus 10:2 ). He had hardened... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Exodus 10:1-11

God's Judgments on sin and their results for the righteous and the wicked. I. THE FRUITS FOR GOD 'S PEOPLE OF HIS JUDGMENTS UPON HIS ENEMIES . 1 . The plagues of Egypt were to be an example to all the generations of Israel ( Exodus 10:2 ). 2 . It was the prophecy of how God will sanctify his people in the latter days. 3 . How God sanctifies his people now. Their prolonged waiting and suffering is storing up power for the future. The night of trial... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Exodus 10:1-19

The Eighth Plague: the locusts. I. CONSIDER THE EMPHATIC STATEMENT WITH RESPECT TO THE HARDENING OF THE HEART . In Exodus 9:34 we are told that when the hail and the thunder ceased, Pharaoh hardened his heart, he and his servants. Note here two things: 1 . How Pharaoh's heart was hardened just after he had made a confession of sin; from which we see how little he understood by the word "sin," and how little he meant by the confession. 2 . The... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Exodus 10:3

How long wilt thou refuse to humble thyself! The confession recorded in Exodus 9:27 had been a distinct act of self-humiliation; but it had been cancelled by subsequent self-assertion ( Exodus 9:34 , Exodus 9:35 ). And, moreover, humility of speech was not what God had been for months requiring of Pharaoh, but submission in act. He would not really "humble himself" until he gave the oft- demanded permission to the Israelites, that they might depart from Egypt. read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Exodus 10:3-6

God's long-suffering towards the wicked has a limit. "How long wilt thou refuse to humble thyself?" ( Exodus 10:3 ). "The goodness of God endureth yet daily." His forbearance and long-suffering are wonderful. Yet they have a limit. God will not proceed to judgment— I. UNTIL THE SINNER HAS HAD FULL OPPORTUNITY FOR REPENTANCE . Pharaoh had been first warned ( Exodus 5:3 ), then shown a sign ( Exodus 7:10-12 ); after this, punished by seven distinct plagues, each... read more

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