Ezekiel 23:23

Matthew Henry's Complete Commentary - Ezekiel 23:22-35

Jerusalem stands indicted by the name of Aholibah, for that she, as a false traitor to her sovereign Lord the God of heaven, not having his fear before her eyes, but moved by the instigation of the devil, had revolted from her allegiance to him, had compassed and imagined to shake off his government, had kept up a correspondence had joined in confederacy with his enemies, and the pretenders to a deity, in contempt of his crown and dignity. To this indictment she has pleaded, Not guilty: I am... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Ezekiel 23:23

The Babylonians, and all the Chaldeans ,.... Both the inhabitants of the city of Babylon, called in the Hebrew text the children of Babylon, and all the inhabitants of the several parts of the country of Chaldean, of which Babylon was the metropolis: Pekod, and Shoa, and Koa ; the Vulgate Latin version, and so Jerom, take these words to be appellatives, and render them noblemen, tyrants, and princes; as some mentioned by Jarchi do, governors, princes, and rulers; and Kimchi F2 So R.... read more

Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Ezekiel 23:23

Pekod, and Shoa, and Koa - וקוע ושוע פקוד . These names have been thought to designate certain people bordering on the Chaldeans; but no geographer has ever been able to find them out. In our old translations these names were considered appellatives - rulers, mighty men, and tyrants. Others, following the literal import of the words, have translated, visiting, shouting and retreating. Others have applied them to the habits of the Chaldean soldiers. Pekod signifying the muster or review... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Ezekiel 23:1-49

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Ezekiel 23:1-49

Inexcusable infidelity. What it must have cost the patriotic prophet to write this chapter passes our power to imagine. The Jew was naturally and pardonably proud of his country and of its history. No thoughtful Jew could, indeed, be insensible to imperfections and flaws in the national character, to stains upon the nation's annals. But in this passage of his prophecies the dark shading is relieved by no gleam of light. Israel is depicted as bad from the days of Egyptian bondage down to... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Ezekiel 23:22-23

The lovers from whom the mind of Judah was alienated were , as in Ezekiel 23:17 , the Chaldeans. With these are joined Pekod, and Shoa, and Koa . The Authorized and Revised Versions, following the LXX . take these as proper names, and Ewald Smend, and Furst find in them those of Chaldean tribes. The Vulgate, followed by Luther, gives nobiles, tyrannosque, et principes, and Keil and Hengstenberg substantially adopt this rendering, giving "rulers, lords, and nobles." "Pekod" appears as... read more

Albert Barnes

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Whole Bible - Ezekiel 23:23

Pekod, and Shoa, and Koa - Possibly words expressive of rank, or names of small Chaldaean tribes, selected for their resemblance to expressive Hebrew words. read more

Joseph Benson

Joseph Benson's Commentary of the Old and New Testaments - Ezekiel 23:22-24

Ezekiel 23:22-24. I will raise up thy lovers against thee, &c. I will execute my judgments upon thee, by those very Babylonians whose alliance and idolatries thou hast been so fond of, but since hast broken the league thou madest with them, contracting a new one with Egypt, and thereby hast provoked them to revenge thy perfidiousness. Pekod, and Koa, and Shoa, and all the Assyrians with them The inhabitants of the several provinces of the Babylonish monarchy; for most of the ancients... read more

Donald C. Fleming

Bridgeway Bible Commentary - Ezekiel 23:1-35

Two prostitute sisters (23:1-35)God’s chosen nation was saved from Egypt and settled in Canaan, but it soon divided into two, the northern kingdom Israel (capital: Samaria) and the southern kingdom Judah (capital: Jerusalem). The prophet likens these two kingdoms to two sisters who became prostitutes (23:1-4).The prostitution of Israel and Judah was their unfaithfulness to God in forming military alliances with foreign nations instead of trusting in him. Israel, the northern kingdom, was... read more

E.W. Bullinger

E.W. Bullinger's Companion Bible Notes - Ezekiel 23:23

Pekod . . . Shea . . . Roo. These Eastern peoples are all named in the inscriptions, read more

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