Judges 2:13

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers - Judges 2:13

(13) Baal and Ashtaroth.—Literally, “the Baals and the Ashtareths.”Ashtaroth.—The plural of the feminine word Ash-tareth, or Astarte, “the goddess of the Sidonians” (1 Kings 11:5), the Phœnician Venus—identified sometimes with the moon (e.g., in the name Ashtaroth Karnaim, “the city of the two-horned moon,” the name of Og’s capital, Deuteronomy 1:4), and sometimes with the planet Venus (2 Kings 23:4; Cic. De Nat. Deor. 3:23; Euseb. Praep. Evang. i. 10). She is called the “queen of heaven,” in... read more

William Nicoll

Expositor's Dictionary of Texts - Judges 2:1-23

Judges 2:4 There are few of us that are not rather ashamed of our sins and follies as we look out on the blessed morning sunlight, which comes to us like a bright-winged angel beckoning us to quit the old path of vanity that stretches its dreary length behind us. George Eliot, Mr. Gilfil's Love-Story. Reference. II. 4, 5. Spurgeon, Sermons, vol. xxviii. No. 1680. Judges 2:10 'Our case,' said Luther once, 'will go on, so long as its living advocates, Melanchthon and friars and learned men, who... read more

William Nicoll

Expositor's Bible Commentary - Judges 2:7-23

AMONG THE ROCKS OF PAGANISMJudges 2:7-23"AND Joshua the son of Nun, the servant of the Lord, died, being a hundred and ten years old. And they buried him in the border of his inheritance in Timnath-heres, in the hill country of Ephraim, on the north of the mountain of Gaash." So, long after the age of Joshua, the historian tells again how Israel lamented its great chief, and he seems to feel even more than did the people of the time the pathos and significance of the event. How much a man of... read more

Arno Clemens Gaebelein

Arno Gaebelein's Annotated Bible - Judges 2:1-23

2. The Angel at Bochim and the History of the Entire Book CHAPTERS 2:1-3:4 1. The angel at Bochim (Judges 2:1-5 ) 2. Israel’s obedience remembered (Judges 2:6-10 ) 3. Israel’s strange gods (Judges 2:11-15 ) 4. Israel’s history under the judges outlined (Judges 2:16-18 ) 5. The nations left to prove Israel (Judges 2:19-23 ; Judges 3:1-4 ) The opening event of this chapter is significant. The Angel of the Lord came up from Gilgal to Bochim. This Angel is Jehovah Himself. His own... read more

John Calvin

Geneva Study Bible - Judges 2:13

2:13 And they forsook the LORD, and served Baal and {f} Ashtaroth.(f) These were idols, which had the form of a ewe or sheep among the Sidonians. read more

L.M. Grant

L. M. Grant's Commentary on the Bible - Judges 2:1-23

THE REPROOF OF THE ANGEL OF THE LORD (vv. 1-6) Israel's failure called for strong reproof. The angel of the Lord, who is the Lord Himself, not a messenger from God, but the messenger, came from Gilgal to Bochim (v. 1).Gilgal speaks of the self-judgment of sin in the flesh, but Israel had neglected this after settling in the land. If we too neglect the self-judgment that is necessary for a walk with God, the result will be Bochim, meaning "weeping." He tells Israel, "I led you up from... read more

James Gray

James Gray's Concise Bible Commentary - Judges 2:1-23

JOSHUA TO SHAMGAR JUDAH’S INCOMPLETE VICTORY (Judges 1:1-20 ) After the death of Joshua the question of which tribe should lead in the subsequent campaign was answered by the Lord in the choice of Judah (Judges 1:1-2 ) which was in accordance with the divine prophecy through Jacob (Genesis 49:8 ). Doubtless the inquiry was made by Urim and Thummim on the breastplate of the high priest, to which reference was made in Exodus. Judah invites the cooperation of Simeon because the territory of... read more

Joseph Parker

The People's Bible by Joseph Parker - Judges 2:1-23

Divine and Human Influence Judges 2:0 DO not trouble yourselves about the personality or name of this angel that "came up from Gilgal to Bochim." He is always "coming up." Why do we miss great meanings by fastening upon little pedantic points? The angel charged the people with having broken God's conditions, upon which he promised to be with them and keep his covenant with their houses. That angel still lives. Now we call him Memory, or Conscience. What is there in the change of name? He is an... read more

Robert Hawker

Hawker's Poor Man's Commentary - Judges 2:11-13

Here begins the sad account which the Holy Ghost hath caused to be recorded, of Israel's whoredom and idolatry, and which runs through all the future periods of their history, until they were unchurched. Sad, sad relation of poor human nature! And the more so, when we consider the resemblance it bears to God's church in all ages. They served Baal, and Baalam, and Ashtaroth; single gods, and double gods: for Baal is singular, meaning one particular heathen god; and Balaam is plural, signifying... read more

George Haydock

George Haydock's Catholic Bible Commentary - Judges 2:13

Baal, "Lord," a title given to many of the idols, (Haydock) both male and female. (Menochius) --- They are often distinguished by some additional name, as Beelzebub, "fly," and berith, "covenant," gods adored at Accaron and Sichem. Under this name the pagans adored heaven or the sun, (Calmet) as Astaroth denoted some female deity, the moon, Venus, &c. (Menochius) read more

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