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Verse 11

11. taught—that is, accustomed.

loveth to tread out . . . corn—a far easier and more self-indulgent work than ploughing. In treading corn, cattle were not bound together under a yoke, but either trod it singly with their feet, or drew a threshing sledge over it (Isaiah 28:27; Isaiah 28:28): they were free to eat some of the corn from time to time, as the law required they should be unmuzzled (Isaiah 28:28- :), so that they grew fat in this work. An image of Israel's freedom, prosperity, and self-indulgence heretofore. But now God will put the Assyrian yoke upon her, instead of freedom, putting her to servile work.

I passed over upon—I put the yoke upon.

make . . . to ride—as in Job 30:22; that is, hurry Ephraim away to a distant region [CALVIN]. LYRA translates, "I will make (the Assyrian) to ride upon Ephraim." MAURER, "I will make Ephraim to carry," namely, a charioteer.

his clods—"the clods before him."

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