Ezekiel 26:3-4

The Lord would set Himself against Tyre and would bring up many nations against her, like waves against her shore. This was an apt description since both parts of ancient Tyre stood on the shore of the Mediterranean Sea. These nations would destroy Tyre’s defensive fortifications and would even scrape the site as clean as a rock (Heb. sela’), a play on the name of the city (Heb. sor).

"The siege of Tyre by Nebuchadnezzar lasted for thirteen years (ca. 586-573 B.C.). Under King Ba’ali II, Tyre accepted Babylonian suzerainty and was ruled by ’judges.’ However, when Babylonia declined in power, Tyre regained her independence once again. This brief freedom lasted till the second ’wave’ of destruction brought her into submission to the Persians around 525 B.C. Tyre’s remaining history demonstrated the continuing ’waves’ of conquerors: the resistance to Alexander the Great, eventuating in her collapse; her initial resistance to the Seleucid kingdom of Antiochus III, terminating in her becoming part of that kingdom; her submission to Rome; and her fall to the Saracens in the fourteenth century A.D., after which she never again regained any importance. God was faithful to bring the ’many nations’ against Tyre in successive ’waves’ of conquest." [Note: Alexander, "Ezekiel," p. 870.]

Alexander the Great led the third "wave" of God’s judgment that destroyed the walls of fortified Tyre in 332 B.C. He was the first to conquer both parts of the city in battle. He did so by enlarging the causeway from the mainland to the island and then attacking the island fortress by land and by sea. [Note: Cooper, pp. 251-52; Zimmerli, Ezekiel 2, p. 24.]