Zechariah 10:2 - Exposition

For . The prophet supports his exhortation to pray to Jehovah by showing the worthlessness of trust in idols. Idols ; teraphim. What these were is not known for certain. They seem to have been images of human form and sometimes of life size, corresponding in some degree to the lares or penates of the Romans ( Genesis 31:19 ; 1 Samuel 19:13 ). They were supposed to be capable of bestowing temporal blessings and giving oracles ( 17:5 ; 18:5 , 18:24 ; Ezekiel 21:21 ). Have spoken vanity. Gave worthless, misleading responses. The mention of teraphim in this passage is thought to indicate a date anterior to the Captivity; but the prophet is speaking of past events, of the results of these base superstitions in former, not present, time. Three kinds of superstition are mentioned. Septuagint, οἱ ἀποφθεγγόμενοι , "speaking" images. These are the first. Secondly come the soothsayers, the diviners, persons who pretended to predict the future ( Jeremiah 27:9 ; Jeremiah 29:8 ; Ezekiel 21:21 ; Habukkuk 2:18). Have told false dreams; Vulgate, somniatores locuti sunt frustra ; LXX ; τὰ ἐνύπνια ψευδῆ ἐλάλουν , "spake false dreams." The Vulgate seems to be correct, "dreams, i.e. dreamers, spake deceit." This is the third class among the practisers of superstitious observances. They comfort in vain, when they promise temporal blessings ( Job 21:34 ). Therefore they went their way as a flock. Because they trusted in these vain superstitions, the Israelites had to leave their own place, were led into exile like a flock of sheep driven away for sale or slaughter ( Jeremiah 1:17 ). They were troubled. They were and are still oppressed by the heathen. Because there was ( is ) no shepherd. Because they had no king to guard and lead them, they fell under the power of foreign rulers, who ill treated and oppressed them ( Ezekiel 34:5 ; Nehemiah 5:15 ).