Luke 24:47

Beginning at Jerusalem; Christ's First and Last Subject

Beginning at Jerusalem

June 14th, 1883

by

C. H. SPURGEON

"And that repentance and remission of sins should be preached in his name

among all nations, beginning at Jerusalem."-- Luke 24:47 .

The servants of God were not left to originate a gospel for themselves, as

certain modern teachers appear to do, nor were they even left to map out

their mode of procedure in the spreading of the glad tidings. They were

told by their great Master what to preach, and where to preach it, and how

to preach it, and even where to begin to preach it. There is ample room for

the exercise of our thought in obeying Christ's commands; but the worldly

wise in these days call no one a thoughtful person who is content to be a

docile follower of Jesus. They call themselves "thoughtful and cultured"

simply because they set up their own thoughts in opposition to the thoughts

of God. It were well if they would remember the old proverb--"Let another

praise thee, and not thine own lips." As a rule those who call themselves

"intellectual" are by no means persons of great intellect. Great minds

seldom proclaim their own greatness. These boasters are not satisfied to be

"followers of God, as dear children," but must strike out a path for

themselves; this reveals their folly rather than their culture. We shall find

use for every faculty which we possess, even if we are endowed with ten

talents, in doing just as we are bidden by our Lord. Implicit obedience is

not thoughtless: on the contrary, it is necessary to its completeness that

heart and mind should be active in it.

I. Ye that would faithfully serve Christ note carefully how he taught his

disciples WHAT THEY WERE TO PREACH. We find different descriptions of the

subject of our preaching, but on this occasion it is comprised in two

things--repentance and remission of sins. I am glad to find in this verse

that old- fashioned virtue called repentance. It used to be preached, but

it has gone out of fashion now. Indeed, we are told that we always

misunderstood the meaning of the word "repentance"; and that it simply

means a "change of mind," and nothing more. I wish that those who are so

wise in their Greek knew a little more of that language, for they would not

be so ready with their infallible statements. True, the word does signify a

change of mind, but in its Scriptural connection it indicates a change of

mind of an unusual character. It is not such a fitful thing as men mean

when they speak of changing their minds, as some people do fifty times a

day; but it is a change of mind of a deeper kind. Gospel repentance is a

change of mind of the most radical sort--such a change as never was wrought

in any man except by the Spirit of God. We mean to teach repentance, the

old-fashioned repentance, too; and I do not know a better description of it

that the child's verse:--

"Repentance is to leave

The things we loved before,

And show that we in earnest grieve

By doing so no more."

Let every man understand that he will never have remission of sin while he

is in love with sin; and that if he abides in sin he cannot obtain the pardon

of sin. There must be a hatred of sin, a loathing of it, and a turning from

it, or it is not blotted out. We are to preach repentance as a duty. "The

times of this ignorance God winked at, but now commandeth all men

everywhere to repent." "Repent, and be baptized every one of you in the

name of Jesus Christ for the remission of sins." He that has sinned is

bound to repent of having sinned: it is the least that he can do. How can

any man ask God for mercy while he abides in his sin?

We are to preach the acceptableness of repentance. In itself considered

there is nothing in repentance deserving of the favour of God; but, the Lord

Jesus Christ having come, we read, "He that confesseth and forsaketh his

sin shall find mercy." God accepts repentance for the sake of his dear Son.

He smiles upon the penitent sinner, and puts away his iniquities. this we

are to make known on all sides.

We are also to preach the motives of repentance--that men may not repent

from mere fear of hell, but they must repent of sin itself. Every thief is

sorry when he has to go to prison: every murderer is sorry when the noose

is about his neck: the sinner must repent, not because of the punishment of

sin, but because his sin is sin against a pardoning God, sin against a

bleeding Saviour, sin against a holy law, sin against a tender gospel. The

true penitent repents of sin against God, and he would do so even if there

were no punishment. When he is forgiven, he repents of sin more than

ever; for he sees more clearly than ever the wickedness of offending so

gracious a God.

We are to preach repentance in its perpetuity. Repentance is not a grace

which is only to be exercised by us for a week or so at the beginning of our

Christian career: it is to attend us all the way to heaven. Faith and

repentance are to be inseparable companions throughout our pilgrimage to

glory. Repenting of our sin, and trusting in the great Sinbearer, is to be the

tenor of our lives; and we are to preach to men that it must be so.

We are to tell them of the source of repentance, namely, that the Lord

Jesus Christ is exalted on high to give repentance and remission of sins.

Repentance is a plant that never grows on nature's dunghill: the nature

must be changed, and repentance must be implanted by the Holy Spirit, or

it will never flourish in our hearts. We preach repentance as a fruit of the

Spirit, or else we greatly err.

Our second theme is to be remission of sins. What a blessed subject is this!

To preach the full pardon of sin--that it is blotted out once for all; the

free pardon of sin--that God forgives voluntarily of his own grace; free

forgiveness for the very chief of sinners for all their sins, however black

they may be; is not this a grand subject? We are to preach a final and

irreversible remission; not a pardon which is given and taken back again,

so that a man may have his sins forgiven and yet be punished for them. I

loathe such a gospel as that, and could not preach it. It would come with an

ill grace from these lips. But the pardon of God once given stands for ever.

If he has cast our sin into the depths of the sea it will never be washed up

again.If he has removed our transgressions from us as far as the east is

from the west, how can they return to condemn us? Once washed in the

blood of the Lamb we are clean. The deed is done: the one offering has put

away for ever all the guilt of believers.

Now this is what we are to preach--free, full, irreversible pardon for all

that repent of sin, and lay hold on Christ by faith. O servants of the

Lord, be not ashamed to declare it, for this is your message!

II. Next to this, we are told WHERE IT IS TO BE PREACHED. The text

says that repentance and remission of sins should be preached in his name

among all nations. Here, then, we have the divine warrant for missions.

They are no speculations, or enthusiastic dreams; they are matters of divine

command. I daresay you have heard of what the Duke of Wellington said to

a missionary in India who was questioning whether it was of any use to

preach the gospel to the Hindus. "What are your marching orders?" said

this man of discipline and obedience. "What are your marching orders?"

that is the deciding question. Now the marching orders are, "Go ye into all

the world and preach the gospel to every creature." What a wonder it is

that the church did not see this long before. After her first days she seems

to have fallen asleep, and it is scarcely a hundred years ago since in the

providence and grace of God the church began to wake to her high

enterprise. We are to preach the gospel everywhere: missions are to be

universal. All nations need the preaching of the word. The gospel is a

remedy for every human ill among all the races that live upon the face of

the earth. Some out of all nations shall receive it; for there shall be

gathered before the eternal throne men out of every kindred, and nation,

and tongue. No nation will utterly refuse it: there will be found a remnant

according to the election of grace even among the most perverse of the

tribes of men.

We ought to preach it to every creature, for it is written that it behoved to

be so. Read the forty-sixth verse: "Thus it is written, and thus it behoved

Christ to suffer, and to rise from the dead the third day: . . . and that

repentance and remission of sins should be preached among all nations."

Brethren, there was a divine necessity that Christ should die, and an

equally imperative must that he should arise again from the dead; but there

is an equally absolute necessity that Jesus should be preached to every

creature under heaven. It behooves to be so. Who, then, will linger? Let us

each one, according to his ability and opportunity, tell to all around us the

story of the forgiveness of sin through the Mediator's sacrifice to as many

as confess their sin and forsake it. We are bidden to preach repentance of

sin and faith in our Lord Jesus Christ, let us not be slow to do so.

III. But this is not all . We are actually told HOW TO PREACH IT.

Repentance and remission are to be preached in Christ's name. What does

this mean? Ought we not to learn from this that we are to tell the gospel to

others, because Christ orders us to do so? In Christ's name we must do it.

Silence is sin when salvation is the theme. If these should hold their peace,

the stones would cry out against them. My brethren, you must proclaim the

gospel according to your ability: it is not a thing which you may do or may

not do at your own discretion; but you must do it if you have any respect for

your Saviour's name. If you dare pray in that name, if you dare hope in that

name, if you hear the music of joy in that name, then in the name of Jesus

Christ preach the gospel in every land.

But it means more than that. Not only preach it under his orders, but

preach it on his authority. The true servant of Christ has his Master to back

him up. The Lord Jesus will seal by threatening or by grace the word of his

faithful messengers. If we threaten the ungodly, the threatening shall be

fulfilled. If we announce God's promise to the penitent, that promise shall

be surely kept. The Lord Jesus will not let the words of his own

ambassadors fall to the ground. "Lo, I am with you alway," says he, "even

to the end of the world. Go ye therefore and teach all nations." You have

Christ with you: teach the nations by his authority.

But does it not mean, also, that the repentance and the remission which are

so bound together come to men by virtue of his name? Oh, sinner, there

would be no acceptance of your repentance if it were not for that dear

name! Oh, guilty conscience, there would be no ease for you through the

remission of sin if it were not that the blessed name of Jesus is sweet to the

Lord God of hosts! We dare preach pardon to you in his name. The blood

has been shed and sprinkled on the burning throne: the Christ has gone in

within the veil, and stands there "able to save to the uttermost them that

come unto God by him, seeing he ever liveth to make intercession for

them." Salvation in his name there is assuredly, and this is our glory; but

"there is none other name given under heaven among men whereby we

must be saved." That name has a fullness of saving efficacy, and if you will

but rest in it, you shall find salvation, and find it now. Thus you see we are

not bidden to go forth and say--We preach you the gospel in the name of

our own reason; or we preach you the gospel in the name of the church to

which we belong, or by the authority of a synod, or a bishop, or a creed, or

a whole church. No, we declare the truth in the name of Christ. Christ has

set his honour to pawn for the truth of the gospel. He will lose his glory if

sinners that believe and repent are not saved. Dishonour will come to the

Son of God if any man repenting of sin is not accepted before God. For his

name's sake he will not cast away one that comes to him. O chief of

sinners! he will receive you if you will come. He cannot reject you; that

were to be false to his own promise, untrue to his own nature.

Be sure then that you preach in Christ's name. If you preach in your own

name it is poor work. A man says to me, "I cannot tell a dead sinner to

live. I cannot tell a blind sinner to see. I cannot invite an insensible

sinner; it is absurd; for the sinner is altogether without strength." No,

dear sir, I do not suppose you can do so while you speak according to

carnal reason. Does the good man say that God has not sent him to bid the

dead arise? Then let him not do it. Pray let him not try to do what God

never sent him to do. Let him go home and go to bed; he will probably do as

much good asleep as awake. But as for me, I am sent to preach in Jesus'

name, "Believe and live," and therefore I am not slow to do so. I am sent

on purpose to say, Ye dry bones, live, and I dare do no otherwise. No

faithful minister who knows what faith means looks to the sinner for power

to believe, or looks to himself for power; but he looks to the Master that

sent him for power; and in the name of Christ he says to the withered hand,

"Be stretched out," and he says to the dead, "Come forth!" and he does not

speak in vain. Oh, yes, it is in Christ's name that we fulfill our office! We

are miracle-workers: he endows us with his power if in faith we tell out his

gospel. All of you who try to speak the gospel may do it without fear of

failure; for the power lies in the gospel and in the Spirit who goes with it,

not in the preacher or in the sinner. Blessed be the name of God, we have

this treasure in earthen vessels but the excellency of the power is of God,

and not of us. So he tells us, then, what to preach, and where to preach it,

and how to preach it.

IV. Now, I shall ask your attention to the principal topic of the present

discourse, and that is, that he told his disciples WHERE TO BEGIN.

I have heard of a Puritan who had in his sermon forty-five main divisions,

and about ten subdivisions under every head. He might be said largely to

divide the word of truth, even if he did not rightly divide it. Now,I have

nine subheads to-night, and yet I hope I shall not detain you beyond the

usual time. I cannot make fewer of them and give the full meaning of this

sentence--"Beginning at Jerusalem." The apostles were not to pick and

choose where they should start, but they were to begin at Jerusalem. Why?

First, because it was written in the Scriptures that they were to begin at

Jerusalem: "Thus it is written,and thus it behooves, that repentance and

remission of sin should be preached in his name among all nations,

beginning at Jerusalem." It was so written: I will give you two or three

proofs. Read in the second chapter of Isaiah, at the third verse: "Out of

Zion shall come forth the law, and the word of the Lord from Jerusalem."

Isaiah's word would have fallen to the ground if the preaching had not

begun at Jerusalem; but now, to the very letter, this prediction of the

evangelical prophet is kept. In Joel, that famous Joel who prophesied the

descent of the Spirit and the speaking of the servants and the handmaidens,

we read in the second chapter, at the thirty-second verse, "In mount Zion

and in Jerusalem shall be deliverance;" and again in the sixteenth verse of

the third chapter of the same prophet--"The Lord shall roar out of Zion,

and utter his voice from Jerusalem." As if the Lord were as a strong lion in

the midst of Jerusalem, and as if the sounding forth of the gospel was like

the roaring of his voice, that the nations might hear and tremble. How

could those promises have been kept if the gospel had begun to be preached

in the deserts of Arabia, or if the first church of Christ had been set up at

Damascus? Note another passage. Obadiah in his twenty-first verse says,

"Saviours shall come up on mount Zion." Who were these saviours but

those who instrumentally became so by proclaiming the Saviour Jesus

Christ. And Zechariah, who is full of visions, but not visionary, says in his

fourteenth chapter at the eighth verse, "Living waters shall flow out of

Jerusalem," and then he describes the course of those waters till they

flowed even unto the Dead Sea, and made its waters sweet. Because the

Bible said so, therefore they must begin at Jerusalem, and I call your

attention to this, for our Lord Jesus was particular that every jot and tittle

of the Old Testament should be fulfilled. Do you not think that this reads

us a lesson that we should be very reverent towards every sentence of both

the Old and the New Testaments; and if there be anything taught by our

Lord ought not his people to consider well, and act according to the divine

ordinance? I am afraid that many take their religion from their parents, or

from the church that is nearest to them, without weighing it. "I counsel

thee to keep the King's commandment." Oh, that we may be more faithful

servants of the Lord; for if we are faithful we shall be careful upon what

men call small points, such as the doctrine of baptism, the manner of the

Lord's Supper, or this small point of where the gospel should be first

preached. It must begin at Jerusalem and nowhere else; for the Scripture

cannot be broken. See ye to it, then, that ye walk according to the word of

God, and that ye test everything by it. "To the law and to the testimony: if

they speak not according to this word, it is because there is no light in

them." So much on that first head.

Secondly, I suppose that our Lord bade his disciples begin to preach the

gospel at Jerusalem, because it was at Jerusalem that the facts which make

up the gospel had occurred. It was there that Jesus Christ died, that he was

buried, that he rose again, and that he ascended into heaven. All these

things happened at Jerusalem, or not far from it. Therefore the witness-

bearing of the apostles must be upon the spot where if they lie they can be

confuted, and where persons can come forward and say, "It was not so; you

are deceivers." If our Lord had said, "Do not say anything in Jerusalem. Go

away to Rome and begin preaching there," it would not have looked quite

so straightforward as it now does when he says, "Preach this before the

scribes and the priests. They know that it is so. They have bribed the

soldiers to say otherwise, but they know that I have risen." The disciples

were to preach the gospel in the streets of Jerusalem. There were people in

that city who were once lame, and who leaped like a hart when Jesus

healed them. There were men and women there who ate of the fish and

that bread that Jesus multiplied. There were people in Jerusalem who had

seen their children and their friends healed of dreadful diseases. Jesus bids

his disciples beard the lion in his den, and declare the gospel on the spot

where, if it had been untrue, it would have been contradicted with violence.

Our Lord seemed to say, "Point to the very place where my death took

place. Tell them that they crucified me; and see if they dare deny it. Bring

it home to their consciences that they rejected the Christ of God." Hence it

was that, coming to the very people who had seen these things, the

preaching of Peter had unusual force about it: in addition to the power of

the Holy Spirit there was also this--that he was telling them of a crime

which they had newly committed, and could not deny: and when they saw

their error they turned to God with penitent hearts. I like this thought--that

they were to begin at Jerusalem, because there the events of the gospel

occurred. This is a direction for you, dear friend: if you have been newly

converted, do not be ashamed to tell those who know you. A religion which

will not stand the test of the fireside is not worth much! "Oh," says one. "I

have never told my husband. I get out on a Thursday night, but he does not

know where I am going, and I steal in here. I have never even told my

children that I am a believer. I do not like to let it be known. I am afraid

that all my family would oppose me." Oh, yes; you are going to heaven,

round by the back lanes. Going to sneak into glory as a rat crawls into a

room through a hole in the floor! Do not attempt it. Never be ashamed of

Christ. Come straight out and say to your friends, "You know what I was;

but now I have become a disciple of Jesus Christ." Begin at Jerusalem: it

was your Lord's command. He had nothing to be ashamed of. There was no

falsehood in what he bade his disciples preach, and therefore he did as

good as say, "Hang up my gospel to the light. It is nothing but truth,

therefore display it before mine enemies' eyes." If yours is a true, genuine,

thorough conversion, I do not say that you are to go up and down the street

crying out that you are converted; but on due occasions you must not hide

your convictions. Conceal not what the Lord has done for you, but hold up

your candle in your own house.

The third reason why the Lord Jesus told them to begin at Jerusalem may

have been that he knew that there would come a time when some of his

disciples would despise the Jews, and therefore he said--When you preach

my gospel, begin with them. This is a standing commandment, and

everywhere we ought to preach the gospel to the Jew as well as to the

Gentile; Paul even says, "to the Jew first." Some seem to think that there

ought to be no mission to the Jews--that there is no hope of converting

them, that they are of no use when they are converted, and so on. I have

even heard some who call themselves Christians speak slightingly of the

Jewish people. What! and your Lord and Master a Jew! There is no race on

earth so exalted as they are. They are the seed of Abraham, God's friend.

We have nobles and dukes in England, but how far could they trace their

pedigree? Why, up to a nobody. But the poorest Jew on earth is descended

linearly from Jacob, and Isaac, and Abraham. Instead of treating them with

anything like disrespect, the Saviour says, "Begin at Jerusalem." Just as we

say, "Ladies first," so it is "the Jew first." They take precedence among

races, and are to be first waited on at the gospel feast. Jesus would have us

entertain a deep regard to that nation which God chose of old, and out of

which Christ also came, for he is of the seed of Abraham according to the

flesh. He puts those first who knew him first. Let us never sneer at a Jew

again; for our Lord teaches us the rule of his house when he says, "Begin at

Jerusalem." Let the seed of Israel first have the gospel presented to them,

and if they reject it we shall be clear of their blood. But we shall not be

faithful to our orders unless we have taken note of Jews as well as Gentiles.

The fourth reason for beginning at Jerusalem is a practical lesson for you.

Begin where you are tempted not to begin. Naturally these disciples would

have said one to another when they met, "We cannot do much here in

Jerusalem. The first night that we met together the doors were shut for fear

of the Jews. It is of no use for us to go out into the street; these people

are all in such an excited frame of mind that they will not receive us; we

had better go up to Damascus, or take a long journey and then commence

preaching; and when this excitement is cooled down, and they have

forgotten about the crucifixion, we will come and introduce Christ

gradually, and say as little as we can about putting him to death." That

would have been the rule of policy--that rule which often governs men who

ought to be led by faith. But our Lord had said, "Beginning at Jerusalem,"

and so Peter must stand up in the midst of that motley throng, and he must

tell them, "This Jesus whom ye have with wicked hands crucified and slain

is now risen from the dead." Instead of tearing Peter to pieces they come

crowding up, crying, "We believe in Jesus: let us be baptized into his

sacred name." The same day there were added to the church three thousand

souls, and a day or two afterwards five thousand were converted by the

same kind of preaching. We ought always to try to do good where we think

that it will not succeed. If we have a very strong aversion as a token that

we are not called to it, we may regard it as a sign that we ought at least to

try it. The devil knows you, dear friend, better than you know yourself. You

see, he has been longer in the world than you have, and he knows a great

deal more about human nature than you do; and so he comes to you, and he

reckons you up pretty accurately, and says, "This brother would be very

useful in a certain sphere of labour, and I must keep him from it." So he

tells the brother that he is not called to it, and that it is not the sort

of thing for him, and so on; and then he says to himself, "I have turned

aside one foe from harming my cause." Yonder is a good sister. Oh, how much

she might do for Christ, but Satan guides her into a work in which she will

never shine; while the holy work which she could do right well is dreaded

by her. I heard a beautiful story last Wednesday, when I was sitting to see

inquirers, and I cannot help mentioning it here, for it may be a suggestion

to some Christian who is present. A brother, who will be received into the

church, was converted in the following way. He came up to London, and

worked in a certain parish in the West- end. He was at work on a sewer,

and a lady from one of the best houses in the West-end came to the men

that were making the sewer and said, "You men, come into my servants'

hall and eat your dinners. I will give you either tea or coffee with your

meal, and then you will not have to go into the public-house." Some of

them went in, but others did not. So the next day the lady came out, and

said, "Now, I know that you think my place too fine for you. You do not

like to come; so I have come out to fetch you in. While this sewer is being

done I should like you to eat your dinners in my house." She got them all

in; and when they had done their dinners and drank their tea or coffee she

began to talk to them about Jesus Christ. The work was a month or so

about, and it was every day the same. Our friend does not know the lady's

name, but he knows the name of Jesus through her teaching. Friends, we

lose hosts of opportunities; I am sure we do. Many ways of doing good

have never occurred to our minds, but they ought to occur to us; and when

they do occur we should use them. Let us crucify the flesh about this. Let

us overcome natural timidity. Let us in some way or other begin at

Jerusalem, which is just where we thought that we never could begin.

Now fifthly. We are getting on, you see. "Beginning at Jerusalem," must

surely mean begin at home. Jerusalem was the capital city of their own

country. You know the old proverb, "The cobbler's wife goes barefoot." I

am afraid that this proverb is verified by some Christians. They do a deal

of good five miles off home, but none at home. I knew a man who used to

go out with preachers every night in the week, and try to preach himself,

poor soul that he was; but his children were so neglected that they were the

most wicked children in the street, and they grew up in all manner of vice.

The father was prancing about and looking after other people, and did not

care for his own family. Now, if you are going to serve Christ to the very

ends of the earth, take care that you begin at home. Dear parents, need I

urge you to look to your own children? It is a great joy to me to know that

the members of the church for the most part do this. When a dear sister

came to me on Wednesday night with three of her children, making four

that had come within the last six weeks, I felt grateful to God that parents

were looking after their offspring. But if any of you are in the Sabbath-

school, and never have a Sabbath-school at home; if any of you talk to

strangers in the aisles, but are neglecting your own sons and daughters--oh,

let it not be so! The power of a father's prayers with his arms about his

boy's neck I know full well. The power of a mother's prayers with her

children all kneeling round her is far greater with the young than any

public ministry will be. Look well to your children: begin at Jerusalem.

Begin with your servants. Do not let a servant live in your house in

ignorance of the gospel. Do not have family prayer merely as a matter of

form, but let it be a reality. Do not have one person working for you to

whom you have never spoken about his or her soul.

Begin with your brothers. Oh, the influence of sisters over brothers! I have

a friend--a dear friend, too--who has long been a man of God, but in his

young days he was a very loose fellow, and often he was all the night away

from home. His sister used to write letters to him, and frequently while half

tipsy he has read them under the street lamp. One letter which he read cut

him to the quick. His sister's grief about him was too much for him, and he

was compelled to seek and find the Saviour. Well has the sister been

rewarded for all her love to him. Oh, dear friends, begin at Jerusalem!

Begin with your brothers and sisters.

Begin with your neighbours. Oh, this London of ours! It is a horrible place

for Christian people to live in! Round about this neighbourhood scarcely

can a decent person remain by reason of the vice that abounds, and the

language that is heard on every side. Many of you are as much vexed to-

day as Lot was when he was in Sodom. Well, bear your witness. Do not be

dumb dogs, but speak up for your Lord and Master whenever you are. Look

at our dear brother Lazenby, who entered a workshop where none feared

the Lord, and has been the means of bringing all in the shop to God.

Another shop has felt his influence, and the first recruit has come to join

the church: I should not wonder if the whole of the workmen in the second

shop should come, too. The Lord grant it. It is marvelous how the gospel

spreads when men are in earnest, and their lives are right. God make you

so to live that you show piety at home.

Then, sixthly, begin where much has been already done. Begin at

Jerusalem. It is hard work, dear friends, to preach to certain people: they

have been preached to so long, like the people at Jerusalem. They know all

about the gospel, it is hard to tell them anything fresh, and yet they have

felt nothing, but remain wedded to their sins. The Jerusalem people had

been taught for centuries in vain; and yet Christ's disciples were to speak to

them first. We must not pass the gospel-hardened; we must labour for the

conversion of those who have enjoyed privileges but have neglected them,

those who have had impressions and have crushed them out, those who

seem now as if they had sealed their own death-warrants and would never

be saved. Do not hesitate to go to them. The Lord has done much already:

it may be that he has laid the fire, and you are to strike the match and

set it all alight. Many people have a love to the gospel, a love to the

house of God, a love to God's people, and yet they have no saving faith.

What a pity! Do not hesitate to address them. I think I hear you say, "I

would rather go and preach to the outcasts." So would I; but you and I are

not allowed to pick our work. Virgin soil yields the best harvest; and if a

man might choose a congregation that is likely to be fruitful, he might

well select those that have never heard the word before. But we have not

our choice. The Saviour's disciples were to begin where the prophets had

prophesied, and had been put to death; where sinners had rejected God's

voice times out of mind. Therefore do not pass by your fellow-seatholders.

Perhaps you say, "Sir, I have spoken to them a great many times, but I

cannot make anything of them." No, you cannot; but God can. Try again.

Suppose that for twenty years you were to sit in this Tabernacle side by

side with an unconverted person, and you were to speak to that person twice

every Sunday and twice in the week, and all the twenty years it should be

in vain; yet if the individual was brought to Christ at last would not his

conversion repay you? Is your time so very precious? Is your ability so

very great? Oh, my dear friend, if you were an archangel it would be worth

while for you to work a thousand years to bring one soul to Christ! A soul

is such a precious jewel that you would be abundantly rewarded if a century

of service only brought you one conversion. Wherefore, in working for

Christ, do not hesitate to go to those who have refused the gospel

hitherto, for you may yet prevail.

Seventhly, begin where the gospel day is short. If you ask me where I get

that thought, it is from the fact that within a very short time Jerusalem was

to be destroyed. The Romans were to come there to slay men, women, and

children, and break down the walls and leave not one stone upon another.

And Christ's disciples knew this; wherefore their Lord said, "Begin at

Jerusalem." Now, then, if you have any choice as to the person you shall

speak to, select an old man. He is near his journey's end, and if he is

unsaved there is but a little bit of candle left by the light of which he may

come to Christ. Choose the old man, and do not let him remain ignorant of

the gospel. Fish him up at once, for with him it is now or never, since he is

on the borders of the grave. Or when any of you notice a girl upon whose

cheek you see that hectic flush which marks consumption--if you notice

during service the deep "churchyard" cough--say to yourself, "I will not let

you go without speaking to you, for you may soon be dead." How many a

time have I seen a consumptive at Mentone apparently getting better; but I

have noticed him rise from dinner with his handkerchief to his mouth and

soon they have whispered, "He died of hemorrhage"--suddenly taken off.

When you meet with a pining case, do not wait to be introduced, but

introduce yourself; and tenderly, gently, quietly, lovingly say a word about

coming to Christ at once. We ought speedily to look up those whose day of

grace is short. Perhaps, also, there is a stranger near you who is going far

away to a distant land, and may never hear the gospel again; therefore, if

you have an opportunity, take care that you avail yourself of it, and reason

with him for Jesus at once. Begin at Jerusalem: begin where the day of

grace is short.

Eighthly, begin, dear friend, where you may expect opposition. That is a

singular thing to advise, but I recommend it because the Saviour advised it.

It was as certain as that twice two are four that if they preached Christ in

Jerusalem, there would be a noise, for there were persons living there who

hated the very name of Jesus, for they had conspired to put him to death. If

they began at Jerusalem they would arouse a ferocious opposition. But

nothing is much better for the gospel than opposition. A man comes into

the Tabernacle to-night, and as he goes away he says, "Yes, I was pleased

and satisfied." In that man's case I have failed. But another man keeps

biting his tongue, for he cannot endure the preaching. He is very angry;

something in the doctrine dos not suit him, and he cries, "As long as I live

I will never come here again." That man is hopeful. He begins to think.

The hook has taken hold of him. Give us time, and we will have that fish.

It is no ill omen when a man gets angry with the gospel. It is bad enough,

but it is infinitely better than that horrible lethargy into which men fall

when they do not think. Some are not good enough even to oppose the

gospel of Jesus Christ. Be hopeful of the man who will not let you speak to

him, he is one that you must approach again; and if, when he does let you

speak to him, he seems as if he would spit on you, be grateful for it. He

feels your words. You are touching him on a sore place. You will have him

yet. When he swears that he does not believe a word of what you say, do

not believe a word of what he says; for often the man who openly objects

secretly believes. Just as boys whistle when they go through a churchyard

in order to keep their courage up, so many a blasphemer is profane in order

to silence his conscience. When he feels the hook, like the fish, the man

will drag away from it. Give him line. Let him go. The hook will hold, and

in due time you will have him. Do not despair. Do not think it a horrible

thing that he should oppose you; you should rather be grateful for it, and

go to God and cry that he will give you that soul for your hire. Begin

courageously where you may expect opposition.

And, lastly, to come to the meaning which Mr John Bunyan has put upon

the text in his famous book called "The Jerusalem Sinner Saved," I have no

doubt that the Saviour bade them begin at Jerusalem, because the biggest

sinners lived there. There they lived who had crucified him. The loving

Jesus bids them preach repentance and remission to them. There he lived

who had pierced the Saviour's side, and they that had plaited the crown of

thorns, and put it on his head. There dwell those who had mocked him and

spat upon him; therefore the loving Jesus, who so freely forgives, says, "Go

and preach the gospel first to them." The greatest sinners are the objects of

the greatest mercy. Preach first to them. Are there any such here? My dear

friend, we must preach the gospel first to you because you want it most.

You are dying; your wounds are bleeding; the heavenly surgeon bids us

staunch your wounds first. Others who are not so badly hurt may wait

awhile, but you must be first served lest you die of your injuries. Should not

this encourage you great sinners to come to Jesus, when he bids us preach

to you first?

We are to preach to you first because, when you have received him, you

will praise him most. If you are saved you will encourage others to come,

and you will cheer up those who have come already. We shall be glad to

get fresh blood poured into the veins of the church by the conversion of big

sinners who love much because they have had much forgiven. Therefore,

we are to come to you first. Will you not come to Christ at once? Oh, that

you would believe in him! Oh that you would believe in him to-night! To

you is the word of this salvation sent. You old sinners--you that have added

sin to sin, and done all you can do with both hands wickedly--you that have

cursed his name--you that have robbed others--you that have told lies--you

that have blackened yourselves with every crime, come and welcome to

Jesus. Come to Christ and live at once. Mercy's door is set wide open on

purpose that the vilest of the vile may come; and they are called to come

first. Just as you are, come along with you. Tarry not to cleanse or mend,

but now "believe on the Lord Jesus Christ and thou shalt be saved." This

night if you believe in Jesus you shall go out of these doors rejoicing that

the Lord has put away your sin. To believe is to trust--simply to trust in

Christ. It seems a very simple thing, but that is why it is so hard. If it

were a hard thing you would more readily attend to it; but being so easy

you cannot believe that it is effectual. But it is so; faith does save.

Christ wants nothing of you but that you accept what he freely presents to

you. Put out an empty hand, a black hand, a trembling hand; accept what

Jesus gives, and salvation is yours.

Thus have I tried to expound "Beginning at Jerusalem," O that my Lord

would begin with you. Amen.

Christ's First and Last Subject

August 19th, 1860

by

C. H. SPURGEON

(1834-1892)

"From that time Jesus began to preach, and to say,

Repent: for the kingdom of heaven is at

hand"-Matthew 4:17 .

"And that repentance and remission of sins should

be preached in his name among all nations,

beginning at Jerusalem"- Luke 24:47 .

It seems from these two texts that repentance was the

first subject upon which the Redeemer dwelt, and that

it was the last, which, with his departing breath, he

commended to the earnestness of his disciples. He

begins his mission crying, "Repent," he ends it by

saying to his successors the apostles, "Preach

repentance and remission of sins among all nations,

beginning at Jerusalem." This seems to me to be a very

interesting fact, and not simply interesting, but

instructive. Jesus Christ opens his commission by

preaching repentance. What then? Did he not by this act

teach us how important repentance was-so important that

the very first time he opens his mouth, he shall begin

with, "Repent, for the kingdom of heaven is at hand."

Did he not feel that repentance was necessary to be

preached before he preached faith in himself, because

the soul must first repent of sin before it will seek a

Saviour, or even care to know whether there is a

Saviour at all? And did he not also indicate to us that

as repentance was the opening lesson of the divine

teaching, so, if we would be his disciples, we must

begin by sitting on the stool of repentance, before we

can possibly go upward to the higher forms of faith and

of full assurance? Jesus at the first begins with

repentance,-that repentance may be the Alpha, the first

letter of the spiritual alphabet which all believers

must learn; and when he concluded his divine commission

with repentance, what did he say to us but this-that

repentance was still of the very last importance? He

preaches it with his first, he will utter it with his

last breath; with this he begins, with this he will

conclude. He knew that repentance was, to spiritual

life, a sort of Alpha and Omega-it was the duty of the

beginning, it was the duty of the end. He seemed to say

to us, "Repentance, which I preached to you three years

ago, when I first came into the world, as a public

teacher, is as binding, as necessary for you who heard

me then, and who then obeyed my voice, as it was at the

very first instant, and it is equally needful that you

who have been with me from the beginning, should not

imagine that the theme is exhausted and out of date;

you too must begin your ministry and conclude it with

the same exhortation, 'Repent and be converted, for the

kingdom of heaven is at hand.'" It seems to me that

nothing could set forth Jesus Christ's idea of the high

value of repentance, more fully and effectually than

the fact that he begins with it, and that he concludes

with it-that he should say, "Repent," as the key-note

of his ministry, preaching this duty before he fully

develops all the mystery of godliness, and that he

should close his life-song as a good composer must,

with his first key-note, bidding his disciples still

cry, "Repentance and remission of sins are preached in

Jesus' name." I feel then that I need no further

apology for introducing to your solemn and serious

attention, the subject of saving repentance. And oh!

while we are talking of it, may God the Holy Ghost

breathe into all our spirits, and may we now repent

before him, and now find those blessings which he hath

promised to the penitent.

With regard to repentance, these four things:-first,

its origin; secondly, its essentials; thirdly, its

companions; and fourthly, its excellencies.

I. Repentance-ITS ORIGIN.

When we cry, "Repent and be converted," there are some

foolish men who call us legal. Now we beg to state, at

the opening of this first point, that repentance is of

gospel parentage. It was not born near Mount Sinai. It

never was brought forth anywhere but upon Mount Zion.

Of course, repentance is a duty-a natural duty-because,

when man hath sinned, who is there brazen enough to say

that it is not man's bounden duty to repent of having

done so? It is a duty which even nature itself would

teach. But gospel repentance was never yet produced as

a matter of duty. It was never brought forth in the

soul by demands of law, nor indeed can the law, except

as the instrument in the hand of grace, even assist the

soul towards saving repentance. It is a remarkable fact

that the law itself makes no provision for repentance.

It says, "This do, and thou shalt live; break my

command, and thou shalt die." There is nothing said

about penitence; there is no offer of pardon made to

those that repent. The law pronounces its deadly curse

upon the man that sins but once, but it offers no way

of escape, no door by which the man may be restored to

favour. The barren sides of Sinai have no soil in which

to nourish the lovely plant of penitence. Upon Sinai

the dew of mercy never fell. Its lightnings and its

thunders have frightened away the angel of Mercy once

for all, and there Justice sits, with sword of flame,

upon its majestic throne of rugged rock, never

purposing for a moment to put up its sword into the

scabbard, and to forgive the offender. Read attentively

the twentieth chapter of Exodus. You have the

commandments there all thundered forth with trumpet

voice, but there is no pause between where Mercy with

her silver voice may step in and say, "But if ye break

this law, God will have mercy upon you, and will shew

himself gracious if ye repent." No words of repentance,

I say, were ever proclaimed by the law; no promise by

it made to penitents; and no assistance is by the law

ever offered to those who desire to be forgiven.

Repentance is a gospel grace. Christ preached it, but

not Moses. Moses neither can nor will assist a soul to

repent, only Jesus can use the law as a means of

conviction and an argument for repentance. Jesus gives

pardon to those who seek it with weeping and with

tears; but Moses knows of no such thing. If repentance

is ever obtained by the poor sinner, it must be found

at the foot of the cross, and not where the ten

commandments lie shivered at Sinai's base.

And as repentance is of gospel parentage, I make a

second remark, it is also of gracious origin.

Repentance was never yet produced in any man's heart

apart from the grace of God. As soon may you expect the

leopard to regret the blood with which its fangs are

moistened,-as soon might you expect the lion of the

wood to abjure his cruel tyranny over the feeble beasts

of the plain, as expect the sinner to make any

confession, or offer any repentance that shall be

accepted of God, unless grace shall first renew the

heart. Go and loose the bands of everlasting winter in

the frozen north with your own feeble breath, and then

hope to make tears of penitence bedew the cheek of the

hardened sinner. Go ye and divide the earth, and pierce

its bowels with an infant's finger, and then hope that

your eloquent appeal, unassisted by divine grace, shall

be able to penetrate the adamantine heart of man. Man

can sin, and he can continue in it, but to leave the

hateful element is a work for which he needs a power

divine. As the river rushes downward with increasing

fury, leaping from crag to crag in ponderous cataracts

of power, so is the sinner in his sin; onward and

downward, onward, yet more swiftly, more mightily, more

irresistibly, in his hellish course. Nothing but divine

grace can bid that cataract leap upward, or make the

floods retrace the pathway which they have worn for

themselves down the rocks. Nothing, I say, but the

power which made the world, and digged the foundations

of the great deep, can ever make the heart of man a

fountain of life from which the floods of repentance

may gush forth. So then, soul, if thou shalt ever

repent, it must be a repentance, not of nature, but of

grace. Nature can imitate repentance; it can produce

remorse; it can generate the feeble resolve; it can

even lead to a partial, practical reform; but unaided

nature cannot touch the vitals and new-create the soul.

Nature may make the eyes weep, but it cannot make the

heart bleed. Nature can bid you amend your ways, but it

cannot renew your heart. No, you must look upward,

sinner; you must look upward to him who is able to save

unto the uttermost. You must at his hands receive the

meek and tender spirit; from his finger must come the

touch that shall dissolve the rock; and from his eye

must dart the flash of love and light that can scatter

the darkness of your impenitence. Remember, then, at

the outset, that true repentance is of gospel origin,

and is not the work of the law; and on the other hand,

it is of gracious origin, and is not the work of the

creature.

II. But to pass forward from this first point to our

second head, let us notice the ESSENTIALS of true

repentance. The old divines adopted various methods of

explaining penitence. Some of them said it was a

precious medicine, compounded of six things; but in

looking over their divisions, I have felt that I might

with equal success divide repentance into four

different ingredients. This precious box of ointment

which must be broken over the Saviour's heard before

the sweet perfume of peace can ever be smelt in the

soul-this precious ointment is compounded of four most

rare, most costly things. God give them to us and then

give us the compound itself mixed by the Master's hand.

True repentance consists of illumination, humiliation,

detestation, and transformation.

To take them one by one. The first part of true

repentance consists of illumination. Man by nature is

impenitent, because he does not know himself to be

guilty. There are many acts which he commits in which

he sees no sin, and even in great and egregious faults,

he often knows that he is not right, but he does not

perceive the depth, the horrible enormity of the sin

which is involved in them. Eye-salve is one of the

first medicines which the Lord uses with the soul.

Jesus touches the eye of the understanding, and the man

becomes guilty in his own sight, as he always was

guilty in the sight of God. Crimes long forgotten start

up from the grave where his forgetfulness had buried

them; sins, which he thought were no sins, suddenly

rise up on their true character, and acts, which he

thought were perfect, now discover themselves to have

been so mixed with evil motive that they were far from

being acceptable with God. The eye is no more blind,

and therefore the heart is no more proud, for the

seeing eye will make a humble heart. If I must paint a

picture of penitence in this first stage, I should

portray a man with his eyes bandaged walking through a

path infested with the most venomous vipers; vipers

which have formed a horrible girdle about his loins,

and are hanging like bracelets from his wrists. The man

is so blind that he knows not where he is, nor what it

is which he fancies to be a jewelled belt upon his arm.

I would then in the picture touch his eyes and bid you

see his horror, and his astonishment, when he discovers

where he is and what he is. He looks behind him, and he

sees through what broods of vipers he has walked; he

looks before him, and he sees how thickly his future

path is strewed with these venomous beasts. He looks

about him, and in his living bosom looking out from his

guilty heart, he sees the head of a vile serpent, which

has twisted its coils into his very vitals. I would

try, if I could, to throw into that face, horror,

dismay, dread, and sorrow, a longing to escape, an

anxious desire to get rid of all these things which

must destroy him unless he should escape from them. And

now, my dear hearers, have you ever been the subject of

this divine illumination? Has God, who said to an

unformed world, "Let there be light," has he said, "Let

there be light" in your poor benighted soul? Have you

learned that your best deeds have been vile, and that

as for your sinful acts they are ten thousand times

more wicked than ever you believed them to be? I will

not believe that you have ever repented unless you have

first received divine illumination. I cannot expect a

blind eye to see the filth upon a black hand, nor can I

ever believe that the understanding which has never

been enlightened can detect the sin which has stained

your daily life.

Next to illumination, comes humiliation. The soul

having seen itself, bows before God, strips itself of

all its vain boasting, and lays itself flat on its face

before the throne of mercy. It could talk proudly once

of merit, but now it dares not pronounce the word. Once

it could boast itself before God, with "God, I thank

thee that I am not as other men are"; but now it stands

in the distance, and smites upon its breast, crying,

"God be merciful to me a sinner." Now the haughty eye,

the proud look, which God abhorreth, are cast away, and

the eye, instead thereof, becomes a channel of

tears-its floods are perpetual, it mourneth, it

weepeth, and the soul crieth out both day and night

before God, for it is vexed with itself, because it has

vexed the Holy Spirit, and is grieved within itself

because it hath grieved the Most High. Here if I had to

depict penitence, I should borrow the picture of the

men of Calais before our conquering king. There they

kneel, with ropes about their necks, clad in garments

of sackcloth, and ashes cast about their heads,

confessing that they deserve to die; but stretching out

their hands they implore mercy; and one who seems the

personification of the angel of mercy-or rather, of

Christ Jesus, the God of mercy-stands pleading with the

king to spare their lives. Sinner, thou hast never

repented unless that rope has been about thy neck after

a spiritual fashion, if thou hast not felt that hell is

thy just desert, and that if God banish thee for ever

from himself, to the place where hope and peace can

never come, he has only done with thee what thou hast

richly earned. If thou hast not felt that the flames of

hell are the ripe harvest which thy sins have sown,

thou hast never yet repented at all. We must

acknowledge the justice of the penalty as well as the

guilt of the sin, or else it is but a mock repentance

which we pretend to possess. Down on thy face, sinner,

down on thy face; put away thine ornaments from thee,

that he may know what to do with thee. No more anoint

thine head and wash thy face, but fast and bow thy head

and mourn. Thou hast made heaven mourn, thou hast made

earth sad, thou hast digged hell for thyself. Confess

thine iniquity with shame, and with confusion of face;

bow down before the God of mercy and acknowledge that

if he spare thee it will be his free mercy that shall

do it; but if he destroy thee, thou shalt not have one

word to say against the justice of the solemn sentence.

Such a stripping does the Holy Spirit give, when he

works this repentance, that men sometimes under it sink

so low as even to long for death in order to escape

from the burden which soul-humiliation has cast upon

them. I do not desire that you should have that terror,

but I do pray that you may have no boasting left, that

you may stop your mouth and feel that if now the

judgment hour were set, and the judgment day were come,

you must stand speechless, even though God should say,

"Depart, ye cursed, into everlasting fire in hell."

Without this I say there is no genuine evangelical

repentance.

The third ingredient is detestation. The soul must go a

step further than mere sorrow; it must come to hate

sin, to hate the very shadow of it, to hate the house

where once sin and it were boon companions, to hate the

bed of pleasure and all its glittering tapestries, yea,

to hate the very garments spotted with the flesh. There

is no repentance where a man can talk lightly of sin,

much less where he can speak tenderly and lovingly of

it. When sin cometh to thee delicately, like Agag,

saying, "Surely the bitterness of death is past," if

thou hast true repentance it will rise like Samuel and

hew thy Agag in pieces before the Lord. As long as thou

harbourest one idol in thy heart, God will never dwell

there. Thou must break not only the images of wood and

of stone, but of silver and of gold; yea, the golden

calf itself, which has been thy chief idolatry, must be

ground in powder and mingled in the bitter water of

penitence, and thou must be made to drink thereof.

There is such a loathing of sin in the soul of the true

penitent that he cannot bear its name. If you were to

compel him to enter its palaces he would be wretched. A

penitent cannot bear himself in the house of the

profane. He feels as if the house must fall upon him.

In the assembly of the wicked he would be like a dove

in the midst of ravenous kites. As well may the sheep

lick blood with the wolf, as well may the dove be

comrade at the vulture's feast of carrion, as a

penitent sinner revel in sin. Through infirmity he may

slide into it, but through grace he will rise out of it

and abhor even his clothes in which he has fallen into

the ditch (Job 9:31 ). The sinner unrepentant, like the

sow, wallows in the mire; but the penitent sinner, like

the swallow, may sometimes dip his wings in the limpid

pool of iniquity, but he is aloft again, twittering

forth with the chattering of the swallow most pitiful

words of penitence, for he grieves that he should have

so debased himself and sinned against his God. My

hearer, if thou dost not so hate thy sins as to be

ready to give them all up-if thou art not willing now

to hang them on Haman's gallows a hundred and twenty

cubits high-if thou canst not shake them off from thee

as Paul did the viper from his hand, and shake it into

the fire with detestation, then, I say, thou knowest

not the grace of God in truth; for if thou lovest sin

thou lovest neither God nor thyself, but thou choosest

thine own damnation. Thou art in friendship with death

and in league with hell; God deliver thee from this

wretched state of heart, and bring thee to detest thy

sin.

There lacks one more ingredient yet. We have had

illumination, humiliation, and detestation. There must

be another thing, namely, a thorough transformation,

for-

"Repentance is to leave

The sins we loved before,

And show that we in earnest grieve

By doing so no more."

The penitent man reforms his outward life. The reform

is not partial, but in heart, it is universal and

complete. Infirmity may mar it, but grace will always

be striving against human infirmity, and the man will

hate and abandon every false way. Tell me not,

deceptive tradesman, that you have repented of your sin

while lying placards are still upon your goods. Tell me

not, thou who wast once a drunkard, that thou hast

turned to God while yet the cup is dear to thee, and

thou canst still wallow in it by excess. Come not to me

and say I have repented, thou avaricious wretch, whilst

thou art yet grinding thine almost cent, per cent, out

of some helpless tradesman whom thou hast taken like a

spider in thy net. Come not to me and say thou are

forgiven, when thou still harboureth revenge and malice

against thy brother, and speaketh against thine own

mother's son. Thou liest to thine own confusion. Thy

face is as the whore's forehead that is brazen, if thou

darest to say "I have repented," when thine arms are up

to the elbow in the filth of thine iniquity. Nay, man,

God will not forgive your lusts while you are still

revelling in the bed of your uncleanness. And do you

imagine he will forgive your drunken feasts while you

are still sitting at the glutton's table! Shall he

forgive your profanity when your tongue is still

quivering with an oath? Think you that God shall

forgive your daily transgressions when you repeat them

again, and again, and again, wilfully plunging into the

mire? He will wash thee, man, but he will not wash thee

for the sake of permitting thee to plunge in again and

defile thyself once more. "Well," do I hear you say, "I

do feel that such a change as that has taken place in

me." I am glad to hear it, my dear sir; but I must ask

you a further question. Divine transformation is not

merely in act but in the very soul; the new man not

only does not sin as he used to do, but he does not

want to sin as he used to do. The flesh-pots of Egypt

sometimes send up a sweet smell in his nostrils, and

when he passes by another man's house, where the leek,

and garlic, and onion are steaming in the air, he half

wishes to go back again to his Egyptian bondage, but in

a moment he checks himself, saying, "No, no; the

heavenly manna is better than this; the water out of

the rock is sweeter than the waters of the Nile, and I

cannot return to my old slavery under my old tyrant."

There may be insinuations of Satan, but his soul

rejects them, and agonizes to cast them out. His very

heart longs to be free from every sin, and if he could

be perfect he would. There is not one sin he would

spare. If you want to give him pleasure, you need not

ask him to go to your haunt of debauchery; it would be

the greatest pain to him you could imagine. It is not

only his customs and manners, but his nature that is

changed. You have not put new leaves on the tree, but

there is a new root to it. It is not merely new

branches, but there is a new trunk altogether, and new

sap, and there will be new fruit as the result of this

newness. A glorious transformation is wrought by a

gracious God. His penitence has become so real and so

complete that the man is not the man he used to be. He

is a new creature in Christ Jesus. If you are renewed

by grace, and were to meet your old self, I am sure you

would be very anxious to get out of his company. "No,"

say you, "no, sir, I cannot accompany you." "Why, you

used to swear"! "I cannot now." "Well, but," says he,

"you and I are very near companions." "Yes, I know we

are, and I wish we were not. You are a deal of trouble

to me every day. I wish I could be rid of you for

ever." "But," says Old Self, "you used to drink very

well." "Yes, I know it. I know thou didst, indeed, Old

Self. Thou couldst sing a song as merrily as any one.

Thou wast ringleader in all sorts of vice, but I am no

relation of thine now. Thou art of the old Adam, and I

of the new Adam. Thou art of thine old father, the

devil; but I have another-my Father, who is in heaven."

I tell you, brethren, there is no man in the world you

will hate so much as your old self, and there will be

nothing you will so much long to get rid of as that old

man who once was dragging you down to hell, and who

will try his hand at it over and over again every day

you live, and who will accomplish it yet, unless that

divine grace which has made you a new man shall keep

you a new man even to the end.

Good Rowland Hill, in his "Village Dialogues," gives

the Christian, whom he describes in the first part of

the book, the name of Thomas Newman. Ah! and everyman

who goes to heaven must have the name of new-man. We

must not expect to enter there unless we are created

anew in Christ Jesus unto good works, which God hath

before ordained that we should walk in them. I have

thus, as best I could, feeling many and very sad

distractions in my own mind, endeavored to explain the

essentials of true repentance-illumination,

humiliation, detestation, transformation. The endings

of the words, though they are long words may commend

them to your attention and assist you to retain them.

III. And now, with all brevity, let me notice, in the

third place, the COMPANIONS of true repentance.

Her first companion is faith. There was a question once

asked by the old Puritan divines-Which was first in the

soul, Faith or Repentance? Some said that a man could

not truly repent of sin until he believed in God, and

had some sense of a Saviour's love. Others said a man

could not have faith till he had repented of sin; for

he must hate sin before he could trust Christ. So a

good old minister who was present made the following

remark: "Brethren," said he, "I don't think you can

ever settle this question. It would be something like

asking whether, when an infant is born, the circulation

of the blood, or the beating of the pulse can be first

observed"? Said he, "It seems to me that faith and

repentance are simultaneous. They come at the same

moment. There could be no true repentance without

faith. There never was yet true faith without sincere

repentance." We endorse that opinion. I believe they

are like the Siamese twins; they are born together, and

they could not live asunder, but must die if you

attempt to separate them. Faith always walks side by

side with his weeping sister, true Repentance. They are

born in the same house at the same hour, and they will

live in the same heart every day, and on your dying

bed, while you will have faith on the one hand to draw

the curtain of the next world, you will have

repentance, with its tears, as it lets fall the curtain

upon the world from which you are departing. You will

have at the last moment to weep over your own sins, and

yet you shall see through that tear the place where

tears are washed away. Some say there is no faith in

heaven. Perhaps there is not. If there be none, then

there will be no repentance, but if there be faith

there will be repentance, for where faith lives,

repentance must live with it. They are so united, so

married and allied together, that they never can be

parted, in time or in eternity. Hast thou, then, faith

in Jesus? Does thy soul look up and trust thyself in

his hands? If so, then hast thou the repentance that

needeth not to be repented of.

There is another sweet thing which always goes with

repentance, just as Aaron went with Moses, to be

spokesman for him, for you must know that Moses was

slow of speech, and so is repentance. Repentance has

fine eyes, but stammering lips. In fact, it usually

happens that repentance speaks through her eyes and

cannot speak with her lips at all, except her

friend-who is a good spokesman-is near; he is called,

Mr. Confession. This man is noted for his open

breastedness. He knows something of himself, and he

tells all that he knows before the throne of God.

Confession keeps back no secrets. Repentance sighs over

the sin-confession tells it out. Repentance feels the

sin to be heavy within-confession plucks it forth and

indicts it before the throne of God. Repentance is the

soul in travail-confession delivers it. My heart is

ready to burst, and there is a fire in my bones through

repentance-confession gives the heavenly fire a vent,

and my soul flames upward before God. Repentance,

alone, hath groanings which cannot be

uttered-confession is the voice which expresses the

groans. Now then, hast thou made confession of thy

sin-not to man, but to God? If thou hast, then believe

that thy repentance cometh from him, and it is a godly

sorrow that needeth not to be repented of.

Holiness is evermore the bosom friend of penitence.

Fair angel, clad in pure white linen, she loves good

company and will never stay in a heart where repentance

is a stranger. Repentance must dig the foundations, but

holiness shall erect the structure, and bring forth the

top-stone. Repentance is the clearing away of the

rubbish of the past temple of sin; holiness builds the

new temple which the Lord our God shall inherit.

Repentance and desires after holiness never can be

separated.

Yet once more-wherever repentance is, there cometh also

with it, peace. As Jesus walked upon the waters of

Galilee, and said, "Peace, be still," so peace walks

over the waters of repentance, and brings quiet and

calm into the soul. If thou wouldst shake the thirst of

thy soul, repentance must be the cup out of which thou

shalt drink, and then sweet peace shall be the blessed

effect. Sin is such a troublesome companion that it

will always give thee the heartache till thou hast

turned it out by repentance, and then thy heart shall

rest and be still. Sin is the rough wind that tears

through the forest, and sways every branch of the trees

to and fro; but after penitence hath come into the soul

the wind is hushed, and all is still, and the birds

sing in the branches of the trees which just now

creaked in the storm. Sweet peace repentance ever

yields to the man who is the possessor of it. And now

what sayest thou my hearer-to put each point personally

to thee-hast thou had peace with God? If not, never

rest till thou hast had it, and never believe thyself

to be saved till thou feelest thyself to be reconciled.

Be not content with the mere profession of the head,

but ask that the peace of God which passeth all

understanding, may keep your hearts and minds through

Jesus Christ.

IV. And now I come to my fourth and last point, namely,

the EXCELLENCIES of repentance.

I shall somewhat surprise you, perhaps, if I say that

one of the excellencies of repentance lies in its

pleasantness. "Oh"! you say, "but it is bitter"! Nay,

say I, it is sweet. At least, it is bitter when it is

alone, like the waters of Marah; but there is a tree

called the cross, which if thou canst put into it, it

will be sweet, and thou wilt love to drink of it. At a

school of mutes who were both deaf and dumb, the

teacher put the following question to her pupils:-"What

is the sweetest emotion"? As soon as the children

comprehended the question, they took their slates and

wrote their answers. One girl in a moment wrote down

"Joy." As soon as the teacher saw it, she expected that

all would write the same, but another girl, more

thoughtful, put her hand to her brow, and she wrote

"Hope." Verily, the girl was not far from the mark. But

the next one, when she brought up her slate, had

written "Gratitude," and this child was not wrong.

Another one, when she brought up her slate, had written

"Love," and I am sure she was right. But there was one

other who had written in large characters,-and as she

brought up her slate the tear was in her eye, showing

she had written what she felt,-"Repentance is the

sweetest emotion." And I think she was right. Verily,

in my own case, after that long drought, perhaps longer

than Elisha's three years in which the heavens poured

forth no rain, when I saw but one tear of penitence

coming from my hard, hard soul-it was such a joy! There

have been times when you know you have done wrong, but

when you could cry over it you have felt happy. As one

weeps for his firstborn, so have you wept over your

sin, and in that very weeping you have had your peace

and your joy restored. I am a living witness that

repentance is exceeding sweet when mixed with divine

hope, but repentance without hope is hell. It is hell

to grieve for sin with the pangs of bitter remorse, and

yet to know that pardon can never come, and mercy never

be vouchsafed. Repentance, with the cross before its

eyes, is heaven itself; at least, if not heaven, it is

so next door to it, that standing on the wet threshold

I may see within the pearly portals, and sing the song

of the angels who rejoice within. Repentance, then, has

this excellency, that it is very sweet to the soul

which is made to lie beneath its shadow.

Besides this excellency, it is specially sweet to God

as well as to men. "A broken and a contrite heart, O

God, thou wilt not despise." When St. Augustine lay a-

dying, he had this verse always fixed upon the

curtains, so that as often as he awoke, he might read

it-"A broken and a contrite heart, O God, thou wilt not

despise." When you despise yourselves, God honours you;

but as long as you honour yourselves, God despises you.

A whole heart is a scentless thing; but when it is

broken and bruised, it is like that precious spice

which was burned as holy incense in the ancient

tabernacle. When the blood of Jesus is sprinkled on

them, even the songs of the angels, and the vials full

of odours sweet that smoke before the throne of the

Most High, are not more agreeable to God than the

sighs, and groans, and tears of the brokenhearted soul.

So, then, if thou wouldest be pleasing with God, come

before him with many and many a tear:

"To humble souls and broken hearts

God with his grace is ever nigh;

Pardon and hope his love imparts,

When men in deep contrition lie.

He tells their tears, he counts their groans,

His Son redeems their souls from death;

His Spirit heals their broken bones,

They in his praise employ their breath."

John Bunyan, in his "Siege of Mansoul," when the

defeated townsmen were seeking pardon, names Mr. Wet-

eyes as the intercessor with the king. Mr. Wet-

eyes-good Saxon word! I hope we know Mr. Wet-eyes, and

have had him many times in our house, for if he cannot

intercede with God, yet Mr. Wet-eyes is a great friend

with the Lord Jesus Christ, and Christ will undertake

his case, and then we shall prevail. So have I set

forth, then, some, but very few, of the excellencies of

repentance. And now, my dear hearers, have you repented

of Sin? Oh, impenitent soul, if thou dost not weep now,

thou wilt have to weep for ever. The heart that is not

broken now, must be broken for ever upon the wheel of

divine vengeance. Thou must now repent, or else for

ever smart for it. Turn or burn-it is the Bible's only

alternative. If thou repentest, the gate of mercy

stands wide open. Only the Spirit of God bring thee on

thy knees in self-abasement, for Christ's cross stands

before thee, and he who bled upon it bids thee look at

him. Oh, sinner, obey the divine bidding. But, if your

heart be hard, like that of the stubborn Jews in the

days of Moses, take heed, lest,-

"The Lord in vengeance dressed,

Shall lift his head and swear,-

You that despised my promised rest,

Shall have no portion there."

At any rate, sinner, if thou wilt not repent, there is

one here who will, and that is myself. I repent that I

could not preach to you with more earnestness this

morning, and throw my whole soul more thoroughly into

my pleading with you. the Lord God, whom I serve, is my

constant witness that there is nothing I desire so much

as to see your hearts broken on account of sin; and

nothing has gladdened my heart so much as the many

instances lately vouchsafed of the wonders God is doing

in this place. There have been men who have stepped

into this Hall, who had never entered a place of

worship for a score years, and here the Lord has met

with them, and I believe, if I could speak the word,

there are hundreds who would stand up now, and say,

"'Twas here the Lord met with me. I was the chief of

sinners; the hammer struck my heart and broke it, and

now it has been bound up again by the finger of divine

mercy, and I tell it unto sinners, and tell it to this

assembled congregation, there have been depths of mercy

found that have been deeper than the depths of my

iniquity." This day there will be a soul delivered;

this morning there will be, I do not doubt, despite my

weakness, a display of the energy of God, and the power

of the Spirit; some drunkard shall be turned from the

error of his ways; some soul, who was trembling on the

very jaws of hell, shall look to him who is the

sinner's hope, and find peace and pardon-ay, at this

very hour. So be it, O Lord, and thine shall be the

glory, world without end.