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Verse 3

3. Whosoever is fearful and afraid The word rendered afraid is identical with the name Harod, given to the fountain in Judges 7:1, and hence some have supposed that the fountain took its name fount of trembling from the fears and tremblings of the people on this occasion. The same word is used of Saul’s trembling on the same battlefield. 1 Samuel 28:5.

From Mount Gilead This expression it is difficult to understand, since Mount Gilead is beyond the Jordan, and the Israelites were now at Mount Gilboa. The most natural supposition is, that the word Gilead is an error in the text, and we should read Gilboa. Le Clerc, Houbigant, Geddes, and others, adopt this conjectural reading. But as there is no authority for such a change of the text, some have supposed that there was a mountain by the fountain of Harod called Gilead, of which no other trace remains. Ewald suggests that the phrase “Mount Gilead” had become a synonym for the tribe of Manasseh, and is here used as a sort of war-cry for the tribe. This bidding the cowardly depart lest they should intimidate the rest was commanded even in the law. Deuteronomy 20:8.

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