Verse 4
4. For they are impudent children Literally, And the children are stiff-faced and stiff-hearted. “The children of Israel are first described as rebellious heathen (Ezekiel 2:3), then as heartless children.” Curry. Centuries of disobedience had made them bold and stubborn, their brows like brass and their necks like iron sinews (Isaiah 48:4; Exodus 33:3). When the heart is frozen the face soon shows it.
Thus saith the Lord God Literally, Lord Jehovah. Jehovah pronounced by the Hebrews yah-we and by the Babylonians ja’ava was the national covenant-keeping name of the “merciful and gracious One, long-suffering and abundant in loving-kindness and truth,” whose nature is so beautifully described at the beginning of Hebrew history (Exodus xxxiv). It is in this most loving name, which is intertwined with the most glorious and patriotic memories of the nation, that the prophet is commanded to utter his warning and reproof. It has not been proved that Yah-we was worshiped outside the borders of the Israelite kingdom. ( Journal of Biblical Literature, 13:101, etc.)
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