Duke of Lower Lorraine, called "Defender of the Holy Sepulcher"; born probably Boulogne, France, 1060; died Jerusalem, July 18, 1100. As a vassal of Henry IV, he opposed Gregory VII in the investitures controversy. In 1096 he joined the Crusade of Urban II, with 40,000 followers; and passing through Hungary, was obliged to do homage to Alexius I (Comnenus). Contrary to the legends, he played only a secondary part in the Crusaders' councils. In 1098 he took Antioch, and on July 15, 1099, with his brother Eustace, was the first to enter Jerusalem. He accepted the sovereignty of Jerusalem after the other leaders had declined, but refused to bear the title of king. Having received investiture from the patriarch, he defeated the Saracens in Egypt, but died shortly after. His tomb in the church of the Holy Sepulcher was destroyed in 1808.
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