Reigned from September 15, 1644 to January 7, 1655. Born on May 6, 1574 in Rome, Italy as Giambattista Pamfili; died there on January 7, 1655. He was a cardinal-priest, a member of the congregations of the Council of Trent, the Inquisition, and Jurisdiction and Immunity. As pope he condemed five propositions of Jansenius, aided Venice against the Turks with subsidies, and came in conflict with the Duke of Parma, and Cardinal Mazarin in France.
This dictionary contains not only definitions and explanations of every subject in Religion, Scripture, tradition, doctrine, morals, sacraments, rites, customs, devotions and symbolism, but also accounts of the Church in every continent, country, diocese; missions, notable Catholic centers, cities, and places with religious names; religious orders, church societies, sects and false religions. It has brief articles also on historical events and personages, on the Old Testament and New, and on popes, prelates, priests, men and women of distinction, showing what the Church has done for civilization and correcting many errors which have hitherto passed for history.Wikipedia
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