DICTIONARIES

1. Of the Bible . Francis Roberts, Clavis Bibliorum (1675); Kitto, CyclopÅ“dia of Biblical Literature 3 (3 vols. 1862); Fairhairn, Imperial Bible Dictionary (1864 66; new ed. 1888); Smith, Dict. of Bible (3 vols., 1860 63), 2nd ed. of vol. i. only (1899), also Concise Bible Dict . and Smaller Bible Dict .; R. Hunter, Concise Bible Dict . (Cassell, 1894); M. G. Easton, Bible Dict . (Nelson, 1894); J. Eadie, Biblical CyclopÅ“dia (new ed. by Sayce, 1901); C. R. Barnes, People’s Bible Encyc . (New York and Lond. 1900); J. D. Davis, Dict. of the Bible (Philad. 1898); Schaff, Religious EncyclopÅ“dia, or Dictionary of Biblical History , etc., based on Herzog’s PRE [Note: RE Real-Encykl. für protest. Theol. und Kirche] (3 vols., T. & T. Clark, 1883); M’Clintock-Strong, CyclopÅ“dia of Biblical, Theological, and Eccles. Literature (10 vols. and 2 vols. suppl., New York, 1871 1887); Herzog, Realencyklopädie f. protest. Theol. und Kirche (18 vols., 1877 88; new ed. by Hauck, 1896 ff.); Zeller, Bibl. Handwörterbuch illustriert (1893); Riehm, Handwörterbuch des bibl. Altertums 2 (2 vols., 1893); Vigorous, Dict. de la Bible (1895 ff.); Hamburger, Realencyklopädie f. Bibel und Talmud (2 vols. and 3 supplements, 1875, 1892); Guthe, Kurzes Bibelwörterbuch (1903); Jewish Encyclopedia (12 vols., 1901 06); Cheyne & Black, EncyclopÅ“dia Biblica (4 vols., 1899 1903); Hastings, Dictionary of the Bible (4 vols. with extra vol. and indexes, T. & T. Clark, 1898 1904), also Dictionary of Christ and the Gospels (2 vols., 1906 08).

2. Hebrew, Aramaic, Syriac . ( a ) Gesenius, Thesaurus Philologicus Criticus LinguÅ“ Heb. et Chald. Vet. Test . (1829 42), also Lexicon Manuale , tr. [Note: translate or translation.] by E. Robinson (1836) and subsequently, with additions and corrections from the author’s Thesaurus and other works, by S. P. Tregelles (Bagster), Gesenius’ Handwörterbuch , in Verbindung mit A. Socin und H. Zimmern, bearbeitet von F. Buhl, 13th ed. 1899; B. Davidson, Analytical Heb. Lexicon (do.); Fuerst, Heb. and Chald. Lex. to the OT , tr. [Note: translate or translation.] by S. Davidson (Williams & Norgate); Siegfried-Stade, Heb. Wörterbuch zum AT [Note: Altes Testament.] (Leipzig, 1893); Brown-Driver-Briggs, Heb. Lex. to OT (Oxford, 1906). ( b ) Levy, Neuheb. und Chald. Wörterbuch über die Talmudim und Midraschim (4 vols., 1875 89); G. Dalman, Aram. [Note: Aramaic.] -Neuheb. Wörterbuch zu, Targum, Talmud und Midrasch (1901). ( c ) Roediger, Chrestomathia Syriaca (1868); R. Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus (continued by Margoliouth, 1879 1901); also A Compendious Syriac Dict ., by J. Payne Smith [Mrs. Margoliouth] (Oxf. 1903); C. Brockelmann, Lex. Syriacum (T. & T. Clark, 1895).

3. Greek (esp. NT). Liddell-Scott, Greek-English Lexicon; Robinson, Greek and English Lexicon of the NT; Cremer, Biblico-Theological Lex. of NT Greek 2 (T. & T. Clark), 3rd Germ. ed. 1881 1883; Analytical Gr. Lex. to NT (Bagster); Grimm-Thayer, Greek-English Lex. of the NT , being Grimm-Wilke’s Clavis NT revised and enlarged by Thayer (T. & T. Clark, 1888). Deissmann has a Lex. in hand.

Of the Dictionaries named above, the foli. are most accurate and up to date ( a ) Bible: Cheyne and Black, Encyc. Biblica; Hastings, Dict. of the Bible, Dict. of Christ and the Gospels , and the present work. ( b ) Hebrew, etc.: Brown-Driver-Briggs, Heb. Lex .; Dalman, Aram. [Note: Aramaic.] -Neuheb. Wörterbuch; Margoliouth, Compend. Syr. Dict ., or Brockelmann, Lex. Syr . ( c ) Greek: Cremer, Biblico-Theological Lex. of NT .; Thayer, Greek-Eng. Lex. of NT .

W. F. Adeney and J. S. Banks.