(1):
(n.) The act of punishing.
(2):
(n.) Any pain, suffering, or loss inflicted on a person because of a crime or offense.
(3):
(n.) A penalty inflicted by a court of justice on a convicted offender as a just retribution, and incidentally for the purposes of reformation and prevention.
(4):
(n.) Severe, rough, or disastrous treatment.
A timeless resource no serious scholar should be without. With more than 75,000 entries, if it is a word used in the Bible, you are sure to find it defined here.Wikipedia
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