Antistes This title appears to have been common to bishops and presbyters in the early Church. As the name sacerdos is common to both estates in respect to the offices of divine service, which were performed by both, so in respect of the government of the Church in which they were associated, we find them designated alike-sometimes as "presbyters," as marking their age and dignity; sometimes' in respect of their "cure" or charge, as "antistites" praepositi. For example, in the first canon of the Council of Antioch, A.D. 341, the bishop and presbyter are both expressly: classed together thus, and the' corresponding title of "antistites" is evidently extended to the second order of the ministry by St. Augustine. This usage of the word agrees with that of archisynagogus in the Jewish synagogue, and may have been suggested by it.
The Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological, and Ecclesiastical Literature was edited by John McClintock and James Strong. It contains nearly 50,000 articles pertaining to Biblical and other religious literature, people, creeds, etc. It is a fantastic research tool for broad Christian study.
John McClintock was born October 27, 1814 in Philadelphia to Irish immigrants, John and Martha McClintock. He began as a clerk in his father's store, and then became a bookkeeper in the Methodist Book Concern in New York. Here he converted to Methodism and considered joining the ministry. McClintock entered the University of Pennsylvania in 1832 and graduated with high honors three years later. Subsequently, he was awarded a doctorate of divinity degree from the same institution in 1848.WikipediaRead More