Paulinus of Antioch

Paulinus Of Antioch flourished as bishop of that see in the 4th century. He was ordained presbyter by Eustathius, bishop of Antioch, and was a leader among the Eustathian party in that city. When Athanasius, after his return from exile, on the death of the emperor Constantius II, and the murder of George of Cappadocia, the Arian patriarch, assembled a council at Alexandria, Paulinus sent two deacons, Maximus and Calimerus, to take part in its deliberation. He was shortly after ordained by the hasty and impetuous Lucifer of Cagliari bishop of the Eustathians at Antioch-a step unwarrantable and mischievous, as it prolonged the schism in the orthodox party, which would otherwise probably have been soon healed. His ordination took place in A.D. 362. He was held, according to Socrates (Hist. Eccles. 4:2) and Sozomen (Hist. Eccles. 6:7), in such respect by the Arian emperor Valens as to be allowed to remain when his competitor Meletius was banished. Possibly, however, the smallness of his party, which seems to have occupied only one small church (Socrates, Hist. Eccles. 3:99; Sozomen, 6:13), rendered him less obnoxious to the Arians, and they may have wished to perpetuate the division of the orthodox by exciting jealousy. Paulinus's refusal of the proposal of Meletius to put an end to the schism is mentioned elsewhere, SEE MELETIUS OF ANTIOCH, but he at length consented that whichever of them died first, the survivor should be recognised by both parties. On the death of Meletius, however (A.D. 381), this agreement was not observed by his party, and the election of Flavianus disappointed the hopes of Paulinus, and embittered the schism still more. In A.D. 382 Paulinus was present at a council of the Western Church, which had all along recognised his title, and now ardently supported his cause; but the Oriental churches generally recognised Flavianus, who was de facto bishop of Antioch. Paulinus died A.D. 388 or 389. His partisans chose Evagrius to succeed him. A confession of faith by Paulinus is preserved by Athanasius and Epiphanius in the works cited below. See Epiphanius, Hoeres. 77. 21, ed. Petavii; Socrates, Hist. Eccles. 3:6, 9; 4:2; v. 5, 9, 15; Sozomen, Hist. Eccles.v. 12, 13; 6:7; 7:3, 10, 11, 15; rheodoret, Hist. Eccles. 3:5; v. 3, 23; Athanasius, Concil. Alexandrin. Epistol. seu Tomus ad Antiochenses, c. 9; Jerome, Epistol. ad Eustoch. No. 2, 7, ed. vett.; 36, ed. Benedict; 108, § 6, ed. Vallars.; In Rufin. lib. 3:22; Chronicon, ed. Vallars.; Theophanes, Chronog. p. 47, 57, 59, ed. Paris; p. 37, 45, 47, ed. Venice; p. 85, 104, 109, ed. Bonn; Le Quidn, Oriens Christian. vol. ii, col. 715; Tillemont, Memoires, vol. viii; Fabricius, Biblioth. Graeca, 9:314; Neale, Holy Eastern Church (Patriarchate of Alexandria), 1:193 sq.