Numenius

nū́ - mē´ni - us ( Νουμήνιος , Noumḗnios ): The son of Antiochus, and Antipater were the two ambassadors whom Jonathan sent to the Romans, "to the Spartans, and to other places," after his victory in the plain of Hazor (Galilee) over the princes of Demetrius ( 1 Maccabees 12:1 ff) about 144 BC. Their mission was to confirm and renew the friendship and treaty which had existed from the days of Judas ( 1 Maccabees 8:17 ff). They were well received and successful, both at Rome ( 1 Maccabees 12:3 f) and at Sparta ( 1 Maccabees 12:19 ff; 14:22 f). After the death of Jonathan, the victories of Simon and the establishment of peace, Simon sent Numenius on a second embassy to Rome ( 1 Maccabees 14:24 ), again to confirm the treaty and present a golden shield weighing 1,000 minae - apparently just before the popular decree by which Simon was created high priest, leader and captain "for ever" ( 1 Maccabees 14:27 ff), September, 141 BC. The embassy returned in 139 BC, bearing letters from the senate to the kings of Egypt, Syria and "all the countries," confirming the integrity of Jewish territory, and forbidding these kings to disturb the Jews, and requiring them also to surrender any deserters ( 1 Maccabees 14:15 ff). See also LUCIUS; Schurer, Gesch. des judischen Volkes (3and 4th editions), I, 236,250 f.