Pygarg

pı̄´garg ( דּישׁן , dı̄shōn ; Septuagint πύγαργος , púgargos ; compare proper nouns, "Dishon" and "Dishan" ( Genesis 36:21-30; 1 Chronicles 1:38-42 ); according to BDB , Hommel, Saugethiere , derives דישׁן , from דּוּשׁ , dūsh , Arabic dâs , "to tread," and compare Assyrian dashshu , "mountain-goat"): Dı̄shōn as the name of an animal occurs only in Deuteronomy 14:5 in the list of clean beasts. Both the King James Version and the Revised Version (British and American) have "pygarg," which is not the recognized name of any animal whatever. The Septuagint pugargos (from πυγή , pugḗ , "rump," and ἀργός , argós , "white") was used by Herodotus (iv. 192) as the name of an antelope. A white rump is a very common feature of deer and antelopes, and is commonly explained as enabling the fleeing herd easily to keep in sight of its leaders. It has been used as a specific name of Cervus pygargus , the Tartarian roe, and Bubalis pygargus , a small South African antelope. The Arabic Bible has ri'm , "a white gazelle," a kindred word to re'ēm , the King James Version "unicorn," the Revised Version (British and American) "wild-ox." Tristram, Tristram, Natural History of the Bible , considers dı̄shōn to be the addax , Antilope addax or Addax nasomaculatus . There is excellent reason, however, for believing that the range of this African antelope does not extend into Palestine, Sinai or Arabia. For a discussion of the animal names in Deuteronomy 14:4 , Deuteronomy 14:5 , see ZOOLOGY .