galatians-4:18-30-asv

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Galatians 4:23

But he who was of the bondwoman ,.... Ishmael, who was begotten and born of Hagar, was born after the flesh ; after the common order and course of nature, through the copulation of two persons, the one able to procreate, and the other fit for the conception of children; and was typical of the Jews, the natural descendants of Abraham, who, as such, and upon that account, were not the children of God, nor heirs of the eternal inheritance: but he of the free woman was by promise ; by a... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Galatians 4:24

Which things are an allegory ,.... Or "are allegorized": so Sarah and Hagar were allegorized by Philo the Jew F16 De Cherubim, p. 108, 109. , before they were by the apostle. Sarah he makes to signify virtue, and Hagar the whole circle of arts and sciences, which are, or should be, an handmaid to virtue; but these things respecting Hagar and Sarah, the bondwoman and the free, and their several offspring, are much better allegorized by the apostle here. An allegory is a way of speaking... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Galatians 4:25

For this Agar is Mount Sinai in Arabia ,.... The Arabic version, instead of Arabia, reads "Balca". The Syriac version makes Hagar to be a mountain, reading the words thus, "for Mount Hagar is Sinai, which is in Arabia": and some have been of opinion that Sinai was called Hagar by the Arabians. It is certain, that חגר , which may be pronounced Hagar, does signify in the Arabic language a stone or rock; and that one part of Arabia is called Arabia Petraea, from the rockiness of it; the... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Galatians 4:26

But Jerusalem which is above ,.... This Sarah was a type and figure of; she answered to, and agreed with this; which is to be understood, not of the church triumphant in heaven, but of the Gospel church state under the administration of the new covenant; and that, not as in the latter day glory, when the new Jerusalem shall descend from God out of heaven, but as it then was in the apostle's time, and has been since. Particular respect may be had to the first Gospel church at Jerusalem, which... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Galatians 4:27

For it is written ,.... Isaiah 44:1 , which is cited to prove, that the heavenly Jerusalem, or Gospel church state, is the mother of us all, and has brought forth, and still will bring forth, many souls to Christ, even many more than were under the legal dispensation by the Jewish church, though the Lord was an husband to them, Jeremiah 31:32 . The words are, rejoice thou barren that bearest not, break forth and cry thou that travailest not, for the desolate hath many more children... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Galatians 4:28

Now we, brethren, as Isaac was ,.... The Ethiopic version reads, "you, brethren"; and so one of Stephens's copies. As the two women, Hagar and Sarah, might be, and are allegorized; so likewise their respective offspring. Isaac signified, and was a type and figure of Abraham's spiritual seed, whether Jews or Gentiles, under the Gospel dispensation: and as he was, so they are, the children of promise ; as Isaac was promised unto Abraham, so were this spiritual seed, when it was said unto... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Galatians 4:29

But as then ,.... In the times of Abraham, when Hagar and Sarah, the types of the two dispensations of the covenant, and Ishmael and Isaac, the figures of the two different seeds, the natural and spiritual seed of Abraham, legalists and true believers, were living: he that was born after the flesh ; which was Ishmael, who was a type, or an allegorical representation of such who were under the Sinai covenant, and were seeking for righteousness by the works of the law; as he was born after... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Galatians 4:30

Nevertheless, what saith the Scripture? .... This is a Talmudic form of citing Scriptures, and answers to מאי קראה , "what says the Scriptures F5 T. Bab. Beracot, fol. 9. 2. ?" the passage referred to is Genesis 21:10 and which are the words of Sarah to Abraham; but inasmuch as she spake them under divine inspiration, and they were approved of and confirmed by God, as appears from Genesis 21:12 they are ascribed to God speaking in the Scripture: cast out the bondwoman and... read more

Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Galatians 4:18

It is good to be zealously affected - It is well to have a determined mind and an ardent heart in reference to things which are laudable and good. Not only when I am present - You were thus attached to me when I was among you, but now ye have lost both your reverence and affection for me. Your false teachers pretended great concern for you, that you might put all your confidence in them; they have gained their end; they have estranged you from me, and got you to renounce the Gospel, and... read more

Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Galatians 4:19

My little children - Τεκνια μου· My beloved children. As their conversion to God had been the fruit of much labor, prayers, and tears, so he felt them as his children, and peculiarly dear to him, because he had been the means of bringing them to the knowledge of the truth; therefore he represents himself as suffering the same anxiety and distress which he endured at first when he preached the Gospel to them, when their conversion to Christianity was a matter of great doubt and uncertainty.... read more

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Galatians 4:23

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Galatians 4:24

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Galatians 4:25

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Galatians 4:26

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Galatians 4:27

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Galatians 4:28

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Galatians 4:29

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Galatians 4:30

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Galatians 4:18

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Galatians 4:19

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