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Charles John Ellicott

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers - Romans 4:7

(7) Forgiven.—The stress is upon this word; “whose sins are not abolished, but forgiven; not annihilated, but covered up, removed from sight, hidden by the absolving grace of God.” read more

Charles John Ellicott

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers - Romans 4:9

(9) Cometh this blessedness.—We shall, perhaps. best see the force of the particles “then” and “for” if we take the sentence out of its interrogative form. “It follows from the language of David that the blessedness thus predicated belongs to the uncircumcised as well as to the circumcised, for”—then comes the first premise of the argument by which this is proved. It was the act of faith which was the cause of Abraham’s justification. But both the act of faith and the justification consequent... read more

Charles John Ellicott

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers - Romans 4:9-12

(9-12) What is the bearing of this upon the relation between Jew and Gentile? Is the blessedness of the justified state reserved only for the former? Is it limited to those who are circumcised? On the contrary, the state of justification was attributed to Abraham himself before he was circumcised. Justification is the result of faith, not of circumcision. Circumcision is so far from superseding faith that it was only the sign or seal of it.This, then, is the great test. Those who have it may... read more

Charles John Ellicott

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers - Romans 4:11

(11) The sign of circumcision—i.e., circumcision as a sign. The expression is an instance of what is known in Greek as the “genitive of apposition,” but it is common in English. Thus we speak of the City of London, the County of Kent.Abraham is the father (1) of faithful uncircumcised—he himself being so—and (2) of circumcised, but only of faithful circumcised.A seal of the righteousness . . .—The Apostle here puts forth his view of the real import of circumcision. It was not (as so many of his... read more

Charles John Ellicott

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers - Romans 4:12

(12) And on the other hand, the mere performance of the rite was no guarantee for justification, unless it was attended with a faith like Abraham’s. Of the two things, faith itself, and circumcision the sign of faith, the first only was essential, and the second was useless without it. read more

Charles John Ellicott

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers - Romans 4:13

(13) Abraham was the father of all who walk in his steps. For this all is not limited by the Law any more than it is limited by circumcision. The promise of that world-wide inheritance was not given through the agency of the Law (which at that time did not exist), but as an effect of the righteousness which proceeds from faith.Heir of the world.—This promise was explained by the Jews of the universal sovereignty of the Messiah.Through the righteousness of faith.—As a further consequence of that... read more

Charles John Ellicott

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers - Romans 4:14

(14) Is made void.—Literally, emptied of its meaning, becomes an empty name, and the promise is rendered nugatory. There is nothing left for either to do, if the votaries of law, simply as such, are to be the inheritors of the Messianic kingdom. read more

Charles John Ellicott

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers - Romans 4:14-17

(14-17) This Messianic kingdom cannot have anything to do with law; for if it had, faith and the promise would cease to have any office. Faith and law cannot co-exist. They are the opposites of each other. The proper effect of law is punishment; for law only exposes sin. Faith, on the other hand, is the real key to the inheritance. It sets in motion grace; and grace, unlike law, excludes no one. It is open alike to the legal and to the spiritual descendants of Abraham; in other words (as the... read more

William Nicoll

Expositor's Dictionary of Texts - Romans 4:1-25

Romans 4:3 In this word faith, as used by St. Paul, we reach a point round which the ceaseless stream of religious exposition and discussion has for ages circled.... It will at once appear that while it can properly be said of Abraham, for instance, that he was justified by faith, if we take faith in its plain sense of holding fast to an unseen power of goodness, yet it cannot without difficulty and recourse to a strained figure, be said of him, if we take faith in Paul's specific sense of... read more

William Nicoll

Expositor's Bible Commentary - Romans 4:1-12

Chapter 10ABRAHAM AND DAVIDRomans 4:1-12THE Jewish disputant is present still to the Apostle’s thought. It could not be otherwise in this argument. No question was more pressing on the Jewish mind than that of Acceptance; thus far, truly, the teaching and discipline of the Old Testament had not been in vain. And St. Paul had not only, in his Christian Apostleship, debated that problem countless times with Rabbinic combatants; he had been himself a Rabbi, and knew by experience alike the... read more

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