galatians-4:17-29

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Galatians 4:29

But as then he - Ishmael, who was born after the flesh - whose birth had nothing supernatural in it, but was according to the ordinary course of nature, Persecuted him - Isaac, who was born after the Spirit - who had a supernatural birth, according to the promise, and through the efficacy, of the Holy Spirit, giving effect to that promise - Sarah shall have a son, Genesis 17:16-21 ; Genesis 21:1 , etc. Persecuted him; the persecution here referred to is that mentioned Genesis 21:9... read more

John Calvin

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Galatians 4:17

Verse 17 17.They are jealous of you. He comes at length to the false apostles, and does more by silence to make them odious, than if he had given their names; for we usually abstain from naming those whose very names produce in us dislike and aversion. He mentions the immoderate ambition of those men, and warns the Galatians not to be led astray by their appearance of zeal. The comparison is borrowed from honorable love, as contrasted with those professions of regard which arise from unhallowed... read more

John Calvin

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Galatians 4:18

Verse 18 18.But it is good to be the object of jealousy. It is hard to say whether this refers to himself or to the Galatians. Good ministers are exhorted to cherish holy jealousy in watching over the churches, “that they may present them as a chaste virgin to Christ.” (2 Corinthians 11:2.) If it refers to Paul, the meaning will be: “I confess that I also am jealous of you, but with a totally different design: and I do so as much when I am absent as when I am present, because I do not seek my... read more

John Calvin

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Galatians 4:19

Verse 19 19.My little children. The word children is still softer and more affectionate than brethren; and the diminutive,little children, is an expression, not of contempt, but of endearment, though, at the same time, it suggests the tender years of those who ought now to have arrived at full age. (Hebrews 5:12.) The style is abrupt, which is usually the case with highly pathetic passages. Strong feeling, from the difficulty of finding adequate expression, breaks off our words when half... read more

John Calvin

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Galatians 4:20

Verse 20 20.I would wish to be present with you now. This is a most serious expostulation, the complaint of a father so perplexed by the misconduct of his sons, that he looks around him for advice, and knows not to what hand to turn. (70) He wishes to have an opportunity of personally addressing them, because we thus obtain a better idea of what is adapted to present circumstances; because, according as the hearer is affected, according as he is submissive or obstinate, we are enabled to... read more

John Calvin

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Galatians 4:21

Verse 21 21.Tell me. Having given exhortations adapted to touch the feelings, he follows up his former doctrine by an illustration of great beauty. Viewed simply as an argument, it would not be very powerful; but, as a confirmation added to a most satisfactory chain of reasoning, it is not unworthy of attention. To be under the law, signifies here, to come under the yoke of the law, on the condition that God will act toward you according to the covenant of the law, and that you, in return,... read more

John Calvin

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Galatians 4:22

Verse 22 22.For it is written. No man who has a choice given him will be so mad as to despise freedom, and prefer slavery. But here the apostle teaches us, that they who are under the law are slaves. Unhappy men! who willingly choose this condition, when God desires to make them free. He gives a representation of this in the two sons of Abraham, one of whom, the son of a slave, held by his mother’s condition; (73) while the other, the son of a free woman, obtained the inheritance. He afterwards... read more

John Calvin

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Galatians 4:23

Verse 23 23.But he who was of the bond woman. Both were sons of Abraham according to the flesh; but in Isaac there was this peculiarity, that he had the promise of grace. In Ishmael there was nothing besides nature; in Isaac there was the election of God, signified in part by the manner of his birth, which was not in the ordinary course, but miraculous. Yet there is an indirect reference to the calling of the Gentiles, and the rejection of the Jews: for the latter boast of their ancestry, while... read more

John Calvin

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Galatians 4:24

Verse 24 24.These are the two covenants. I have thought it better to adopt this translation, in order not to lose sight of the beauty of the comparison; for Paul compares the two διαθὢκαι, to two mothers, and to employ testamentum, (a testament,) which is a neuter noun, for denoting a mother, would be harsh. The wordpactio (a covenant) appears to be, on that account, more appropriate; and indeed the desire of obtaining perspicuity, as well as elegance, has led me to make this choice. (76) The... read more

John Calvin

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Galatians 4:25

Verse 25 25.For Agar is mount Sinai (78) I shall not waste time in refuting the expositions of other writers; for Jerome’s conjecture, that Mount Sinai had two names, is trifling; and the disquisitions of Chrysostom about the agreement of the names are equally unworthy of notice. Sinai is called Hagar, (79) because it is a type or figure, as the Passover was Christ. The situation of the mountain is mentioned by way of contempt. It lies in Arabia, beyond the limits of the holy land, by which the... read more

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Galatians 4:29

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Galatians 4:17

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Galatians 4:18

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Galatians 4:19

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Galatians 4:20

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Galatians 4:21

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Galatians 4:22

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Galatians 4:23

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Galatians 4:24

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Galatians 4:25

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