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Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Romans 9:30-31

What shall we say then! That the Gentiles, which followed not after righteousness, attained to righteousness, even the righteousness which is of faith. But Israel, following after a law of righteousness, attained not to (or, arrived not at, so as to distinguish ἔφθασε εἰς , used here, from κατέλαβε , previously used of the Gentiles. It expresses the idea of failing to reach what is being pursued) a law of righteousness . The Gentiles are here said to have attained righteousness ... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Romans 9:30-33

The reasonableness of God's working. The question hitherto has been—How can God set aside an elect people? And the answer—God chooses whom he will for the carrying on of his saving work. But now a reason is adduced. For though God does what he will, yet we may be sure he never wills what is not right. And here the great reason of the rejection of Israel, and the choice of the Gentiles, for the carrying out of God's purposes, is this—that the former have altogether failed to apprehend the... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Romans 9:32-33

Wherefore? Because they sought it not of faith, but as of works of law . The genuineness of the concluding word νόμου here is doubtful. Its omission does not affect the sense. If retained, it must, according to the rule observed in this Exposition, be translated law , not the Law. For they stumbled at the stone of stumbling; as it is written, Behold, I lay in Zion a stone of stumbling and rock of offence: and he that ( πᾶς before ὁ πιστεύων , expressed in the Authorized... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Romans 9:32-33

The rock of offence. In one point of view it would seem all but incredible that the highest display of Divine wisdom and goodness should be regarded, by those for whose benefit it was provided, with indifference and even hostility. But in order to understand how this should be, it is necessary to bear in mind the distorting influence of sin upon the minds of men. True religion comes into conflict with men's errors, prejudices, and guilty conscience; and is a stone of stumbling, and rock of... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Romans 9:33

Jesus as the Stumbling-stone. "Behold, I lay in Zion a Stumbling-stone and Rock of offence: and whosoever believeth on him shall not be ashamed." It seems a strange thing that Jesus, the Saviour of men, should at all be set before us in this way. But the truth is, the great object is to cause us to consider what our own attitude is toward Christ. Have I accepted Jesus as my Saviour, or am I hesitating to commit myself to him? Am I clinging to him as my Rock of safety, or am I being... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Romans 9:33

Either an offence or a refuge. An offence is caused by some obstacle upon the road, something that trips up the feet or bars our progress, or some stone pillar that overthrows the unwary charioteer in his course. The apostle combines two passages from Isaiah to prove that the rejection of Christ by the Jews was long ago foretold; nothing, therefore, to be wondered at, much less a reason for abandoning Christianity. To John the Baptist, encompassed with doubts born of the shadows of a... read more

Albert Barnes

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Whole Bible - Romans 9:18

Therefore hath he mercy ... - This is a conclusion stated by the apostle as the result of all the argument.Whom he will he hardeneth - This is not stated in what the Scripture said to Pharaoh, but is a conclusion to which the apostle had arrived, in view of the case of Pharaoh. The word “hardeneth” means only to harden in the manner specified in the case of Pharaoh. It does not mean to exert a positive influence, but to leave a sinner to his own course, and to place him in circumstances where... read more

Albert Barnes

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Whole Bible - Romans 9:19

Thou wilt say then unto me - The apostle here refers to an objection that might be made to his argument. If the position which he had been endeavoring to establish were true; if God had a purpose in all his dealings with people; if all the revolutions among people happened according to his decree, so that he was not disappointed, or his plan frustrated; and if his own glory was secured in all this, why could he blame people?Why doth he yet find fault? - Why does he blame people, since their... read more

Albert Barnes

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Whole Bible - Romans 9:20

Nay but, O man ... - To this objection the apostle replies in two ways; first, by asserting the sovereignty of God, and affirming that he had a right to do it Romans 9:20-21; and secondly, by showing that he did it according to the principles of justice and mercy, or that it was involved of necessity in his dispensing justice and mercy to mankind; Romans 9:22-24.Who art thou ... - Paul here strongly reproves the impiety and wickedness of arraigning God. This impiety appears,(1) Because man is a... read more

Albert Barnes

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Whole Bible - Romans 9:21

Hath not the potter ... - This same sovereign right of God the apostle proceeds to urge from another illustration, and another passage from the Old Testament; Isaiah 64:8, “But now, O Lord, thou art our Father; we are the clay, and thou our potter; and we all are the work of thy hand.” This passage is preceded in Isaiah by one declaring “the depravity of man;” Isaiah 64:6, “We are all as an unclean thing, and all our righteousnesses are as filthy rags; and we all do fade as a leaf; and our... read more

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