Behold (2400) idou by Greek Word Studies

Passed away (3928)(parerchomai from para = beside, near + erchomai = come, go) means to pass near, pass by or pass away and is used in both a literal and figurative sense, with the figurative uses predominating in the NT. Parerchomai describes literal passing by, passing through (LXX - Nu 20:17, 19, 21, 23, twice in Josh 4:23YLT = the Red Sea and across the Jordan, Neh 9:11) or coming beside (near) (Mk 6:48, Mt 8:28, Lk 18:37 cp LXX - Ge18:3, 33:19, 22, 34:6, Ex 3:3, 1Ki 19:11). While most of the uses of parerchomai in the Septuagint are with the literal sense of passing by, most of the NT uses are figurative. One of the more common figurative uses is with the sense of to pass away (in terms of time, to disappear) which is the sense in 2Co 5:17. (Mt 5:18, 24:34, 35, Mk 13:30, 31, Lk 16:17, 21:32, 33, Jas 1:10, 2Pe 3:10, Re 21:1, LXX = Ge 41:53, 50:4, Je 8:20). It is notable that four times in the NT parerchomai emphasizes that God's Word will never pass away (Mt 5:18, 24:35, Mk 13:31, Lk 21:33, cp parerchomai describing His decree in Ps 148:6, cp use to describe Messiah's dominion in the coming kingdom Da 7:14-note). Parerchomai speaks of the hour already past (Lk 14:15YLT) and of the fast as already over (Acts 27:9) Jesus uses parerchomai in 4 verses (Mt 23:36, 24:34 Mk 13:30 Lk 21:32) to describe the generation who will be living in the time preceding the Great Tribulation (some [especially if they disavow a futuristic interpretation of Scripture] disagree and take these as reference to the destruction of Jerusalem in ad 70). Jesus used parerchomai to refer to the passing away of the cup (Mt 26:39, 42) and the "hour" of agony in the Garden (Mk 14:35). Finally, parerchomai can have the sense of to disregard, to neglect or to act contrary to law or custom (Lk 11:42, 15:29, cp similar use in LXX of Job 23:12-note). It is used once of a word passing from someone's mouth ( LXX of 2Chr 9:2) Of destruction passing by in Ps 57:1. NIDNTT sums up the meanings of parerchomai writing that... parerchomai, go by, pass by, pass, is used locally (Gen. 18:3; Mk. 6:48; Lk. 18:37) and of time (Mk. 14:35). It also has the meanings of come by (Lk. 12:37), and pass away (of time Sir. 42:19; 1Pe 4:3; of wealth, heaven and earth Wis. 5:9; Matt. 5:18; 24:35), and transgress (commands, Lk. 15:29). Passed away is in the aorist tense which signifies past completed action, specifically at the time of the new birth, at the time of regeneration. This old way of "creation", dominated by its old way of thinking has passed out of existence. As Hughes says this passing away includes... the distinctions, prejudices, misconceptions, and enslavements of the former unregenerate way of life (which now) assume the character of pastness. (Paul's Second Epistle to the Corinthians: The English Text with Introduction, Exposition and Notes) Passed away is in the aorist tense and indicative mood (mood of reality) which signals this passing away as an actual (real) historical event in the life of every believer. When did this occur in your life history? The instant that you confessed Jesus as Lord (Ro 10:9, 10-note) and received Him as Savior, all by grace through faith (Jn 1:11, 12, 13, Eph 2:8, 9-note), you were born again (Jn 3:3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) and were irreversibly transferred (your salvation made eternally secure - cp Jn 10:27, 28, 29) from the kingdom of darkness into the kingdom of light, the kingdom of God's beloved Son (Col 1:13-note, Acts 26:18). At that glorious, miraculous moment in eternity, the "old you" ceased to exist in God's eyes, and henceforth and forever and ever, He views you as "in Christ". Parerchomai -29x in 25v - Mt 5:18-note; Mt 8:28; Mt 14:15; Mt 24:34, 35; 26:39, 42; Mk 6:48; 13:30, 31; 14:35; Lk 11:42; 12:37; 15:29; 16:17; 17:7; 18:37; 21:32, 33; Acts 16:8; 27:9; 2Co 5:17-note; Jas 1:10-note; 1Pe 4:3-note; 2Pe 3:10-note. NAS = came along(1), come(2), disregard(1), late(1), neglected(1), over(1), pass(5), pass away(14), passed away(1), passing(2), past(1). Peter uses parerchomai to describe the catastrophic passing away of heaven and earth at the final conflagration... But the Day of the Lord will come like a thief, in which the heavens will pass away with a roar and the elements will be destroyed with intense heat, and the earth and its works will be burned up. (2Pe 3:10, cp Mt 5:18; Lk 21:32, 33) James describes the catastrophic passing away of a soul who does not believe in Jesus for salvation... and the rich man is to glory in his humiliation, because like flowering grass he will pass away. (Jas 1:10-note, cp Lxx use in Job 17:11, Ps 37:26) Peter alludes to the old things that have passed away in the one who is not a new creature in Christ... For the time already past is sufficient for you to have carried out the desire of the Gentiles, having pursued a course of sensuality, lusts, drunkenness, carousing, drinking parties and abominable idolatries. (1Pe 4:3-note) Luke records Jesus' beatitude... Luke 12:37 "Blessed are those slaves whom the master will find on the alert when he comes; truly I say to you, that he will gird himself to serve, and have them recline at the table, and will come up (parerchomai) and wait on them. J C Ryle comments: This is perhaps one of the most wonderful promises made to believers in the New Testament. It must probably be interpreted figuratively. It means that there is no limit to the honor and glory which the Lord Jesus will bestow on those who are ready to meet him at his second coming. Parerchomai - 129.16" class="scriptRef">16v in non-apocryphal Septuagint (LXX) - 3" class="scriptRef">Ge 18:3, 5; 32" class="scriptRef">30:32; 32:31; 41:53; 50:4; Ex 3:3; 12:23; 15:16; 23:5; 19" class="scriptRef">19" class="scriptRef">33:19, 22; 34:6; Nu 13:32; 17" class="scriptRef">20:17, 19, 21; 21:22, 23; 32:21, 27; 34:4; Dt 2:8, 14" class="scriptRef">13, 14, 24" class="scriptRef">24, 27, 28, 29; 17:2; 26.13" class="scriptRef">26:13; 29:12, 16; Josh 4:23; 6:8; 15:10, 11; 16:2, 6; 18:17; 24:17; Jdg 3:26; 9:26; 11:17, 19, 20, 29, 32; 12:1, 3; 18:13; 19:12, 14; 1Sa 16:8; 2Sa 2:15; 15:22, 24; 16:1; 17:20; 18:9; 20:13; 23:4; 1 Kgs 18:29; 19:11; 2 Kgs 3:10; 6:9; 2Chr 8:15; 9:2; 18:23; Neh 2:14; 9:11; Es 10:3; Job 6:15; 9:11; 11:16; 14:16; 17:11; 23:12; 28:8; Ps 37:36; 57:1; 90:5f; 104:9; 141:10; 148:6; Pr 22:3; 27:13; Song 2:11; 3:4; 5:6; Isa 10:28, 29; 26:20; 28:15, 17, 19; 33:21; 34:16; 35:8; 51:23; Jer 8:20; 33:13; 34:18; 41:8; Da 2:9; 4:31; 6:12; 7:14; 11:10, 26, 40; 12:1; Amos 7:8; 8:2. Below are several illustrative uses of parerchomai in the Septuagint JEHOVAH PASSES BY One of the most notable occurrences (used 3 times in Exodus 33) of parerchomai is found in Exodus where Moses asks God for a revelation of His glory... Then Moses said, "I pray Thee, show me Thy glory!" 19 And He said, "I Myself will make all My goodness pass (LXX - parerchomai) before you, and will proclaim the name of the LORD before you; and I will be gracious to whom I will be gracious, and will show compassion on whom I will show compassion." 20 But He said, "You cannot see My face, for no man can see Me and live!" Then the LORD said, "Behold, there is a place by Me, and you shall stand there on the rock; 22 and it will come about, while My glory is passing by (LXX - parerchomai), that I will put you in the cleft of the rock and cover you with My hand until I have passed by (LXX - parerchomai). (Ex 33:18, 19, 21, 22) Comment: Here we see that "passing by" is an important OT motif, and actually serves as a technical term for an epiphany, of an occurrence of God passing by (cp Ge 18:3, 1Ki 19:11, 12, 13 = in "a gentle blowing", Job 9:11), which is not a sign of His neglect or disregard (one of the NT meanings of parerchomai) but a sign of His caring presence! Just before the passing by of the glory of the LORD in the preceding passage, Moses was struggling to maintain courage in a difficult situation (read Ex 33:15), and God's "passing by" is His answer. The difficult circumstances were not changed but Moses received assurance that God would be with him on the difficult road ahead (40 years of wandering in the wilderness). We see a similar passing by of the Lord Jesus in Mk 6:48 and in Mk 6:49, 50 He too encourages His struggling, straining (at the oars) disciples for He knew that the disciples need this assurance more than they need another storm-stilling miracle! You like Moses or the Lord's disciples may be going through a difficult time and be in need of a "passing by" of Jehovah (Jehovah = Jesus) to encourage you. Take a moment and meditate on the Exodus passage, asking God to show you His glory in and through His living Word of Truth. He is the same God to us that He was to Moses and the disciples (Heb 13:8-note) and His promise is steadfast and sure (read He 13:5-note and He 13:6-note comparing with 1Co 10:13-note) Exodus 34:6 Then the LORD passed by (LXX - parerchomai) in front of him and proclaimed, "The LORD, the LORD God, compassionate and gracious, slow to anger, and abounding in lovingkindness and truth; For the LORD will pass through to smite the Egyptians; and when He sees the blood on the lintel and on the two doorposts, the LORD will pass over the door and will not allow the destroyer to come in to your houses to smite you. (Ex 12:23) Comment: Parerchomai is used twice in this passage to describe the Passover, which was not only an "epiphany", but was also a "catastrophe" for those who had no blood on the lintels or doorposts! (Context = Dt 29:10, 11) that you may enter (LXX - parerchomai) into the covenant with the LORD your God, and into His oath which the LORD your God is making with you today, (Dt 29:12) Comment: The literal Hebrew is "pass on into the covenant of the Lord your God and into his oath, which the Lord your God is cutting with you today." Parerchomai is used figuratively to describe the Jews "passing into" the Mosaic (not the Abrahamic) Covenant. Joshua 4:23YLT because Jehovah your God dried up the waters of the Jordan at your presence, till your passing over, as Jehovah your God did to the Red Sea which He dried up at our presence till our passing over; Job 23:12-note "I have not departed (LXX - parerchomai = "not passed" = not transgressed, neglected or disregarded) from the command of His lips; I have treasured the words of His mouth more than my necessary food. Isaiah 26:20 Come, my people, enter into your rooms and close your doors behind you; Hide for a little while (3.5 years, time, times, half a time - See Da 7:25-See note) Until indignation (synonymous with the Great Tribulation) runs its course (Isa 26:20ESV = passed by, LXX - parerchomai) Isaiah 35:8ESV And a highway shall be there (A reference to the time of the Millennium), and it shall be called the Way of Holiness; the unclean shall not pass over (LXX - parerchomai) it. It shall belong to those who walk on the way; even if they are fools, they shall not go astray. Daniel 7:14-note "And to Him was given dominion, Glory and a kingdom, That all the peoples, nations and men of every language Might serve Him. His dominion is an everlasting dominion Which will not pass away (LXX - parerchomai); And His kingdom is one Which will not be destroyed. Adam Clarke sounds a serious, sobering alarm to any who would profess Christ as Savior and yet fail to exhibit any change in their lifestyle... It is vain for a man to profess affinity to Christ according to the flesh, while he is unchanged in his heart and life, and dead in trespasses and sins (Ep 2:1, 2-note); for he that is in Christ, that is, a genuine Christian, having Christ dwelling in his heart by faith (cp Ro 8:9-note), is a new creature; his old state is changed: he was a child of Satan (cp Acts 26:18), he is now a child of God (Jn 1:12, 1Jn 3:1-note, 1Jn 3:2-note, 1Jn 3:3-note, cp Ro 8:14, 15-note, Ro 8:16-note); he was a slave of sin (Jn 8:34), and his works were death (Ro 7:5-note, Ro 6:21-note); he is now made free from sin (Jn 8:36, cp Ro 6:11-note), and has his fruit unto holiness and the end everlasting life (Ro 6:22KJV-note). He was before full of pride and wrath; he is now meek and humble. He formerly had his portion in this life, and lived for this world alone; he now hath GOD for his portion (Ps 16:5-note, Ps 73:26-note, Ps 119:57-note, Ps 142:5-note, Lam 3:24), and he looks not at the things which are seen, but at the things which are eternal (2Co 4:18). Therefore, old things are passed away. (2 Cor 5 - Adam Clarke Commentary) (Scripture References Added) James Denney... The past was dead to him (Paul), as dead as Christ on His cross, all its ideas, all its hopes, all its ambitions were dead in Christ, he was another man in another universe. (The Expositor's Bible) BEHOLD, NEW THINGS HAVE COME: idou (2PSAMI) gegonen (3SRAI) kaina: (New: 2Co 5:16 Isa 43:18,19 65:17,18 Mt 9:16,17 24:35 Ro 6:4, 5, 6 7:6 8:9 Ro 8:10 1Co 13:11 Eph 2:15 4:22, 23, 24 Php 3:7, 8, 9 Col 3:1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 Heb 8:9, 10, 11, 12, 13 2Pe 3:10, 11, 12, 13 Rev 21:1, 2, 3, 4, 5) While the context is different in Isaiah, the supernatural power of God in the following declaration gives us a picture of what God is able to do in the dry, dark, barren, stony heart of an unregenerate person who believes the Gospel... Do not call to mind the former things, or ponder things of the past. Behold, I will do something new (Lxx = kainos). Now it will spring forth. Will you not be aware of it? I will even make a roadway in the wilderness, rivers in the desert. (Isa 43:18, 19, cp Isa. 65:17, Rev. 21:4, 5) Behold - Don't scan over this word too quickly. As discussed below, behold should always cause one to pause and ask "What is there about which we should take special note?" John Wesley's answer was... The present, visible, undeniable change! J Philip Arthur asks... The word behold is intended to convey a delighted sense of surprise and pleasure: 'Look at this—isn't it amazing! Here is a person who has altered for the better right across the board!' It is alarming, then, to observe that some who claim to be Christians seem virtually the same as they always were. (Welwyn Commentary Series – Strength in Weakness: 2 Corinthians Simply Explained) Marvin Vincent comments that Paul's use of behold is... As if contemplating a rapidly shifting scene. As in a flash, old things vanish, and all things become new. Philip Hughes notes that... The exclamation behold! sounds an unmistakable note of spontaneous jubilation. In its "sudden note of triumph", says Denney, we feel, as it were, one throb of that glad surprise with which he (Paul) had looked out on the world after God had reconciled him to Himself by His Son. This response of delight and wonderment cannot fail to be evoked in the hearts of those to whom the miracle of God's new creation is revealed. It is present in prediction— Remember ye not the former things, neither consider the things of old: behold, I will do a new thing!" (Isa 43:18, 19) And it is present in fulfilment... The first things are passed away.... Behold, I make all things new!" (Rev 21:4-note, Rev 21:5-note).(Ed: As an aside it is probably not a surprise to you that almost 10% of all NT uses of behold are in the Revelation!) And meanwhile it is present in the hearts of all who, though still in this world, have already become by God's grace members of the world to come. (Paul's Second Epistle to the Corinthians: The English Text with Introduction, Exposition and Notes) - Named as one of the 850 Books for Biblical Expositors by the Master's Seminary. Cyril Barber writes this "May well be regarded as the finest conservative exposition of this epistle")

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Behold (2400) idou

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