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Giving thanks (2168) (eucharisteo from eucháristos = thankful, grateful, well-pleasing - Indicates the obligation of being thankful to someone for a favor done <> in turn from eú = well + charízomai = to grant, give.; English - Eucharist) means to show that one is under obligation by being thankful. To show oneself as grateful (most often to God in the NT). Moulton and Milligan note that eucharisteo originally meant “do a good turn to” or “oblige,” and in late Greek passed readily into the meaning “be grateful,” “give thanks”. Giving thanks is the quality of being grateful, with the implication of also having appropriate (Spirit filled) attitude. This meaning is common in diplomatic documents in which the recipient of a favor reciprocates with assurance of goodwill. It is also used o express appreciation for benefits or blessings. Giving thanks was an important component of Greco-Roman reciprocity as demonstrated by a copy of a letter written by the Emperor Claudius to a Gymnastic Club expressing his gratification at games performed in his honour. The word eucharista was also common on ancient inscriptions. Thanksgiving expresses what ought never to be absent from any of our devotions. We should always be ready to express our grateful acknowledgement of past mercies as distinguished form the earnest seeking of future mercies. TDNT writes that... We first find eucharistos in the senses “pleasant” and “graceful.” Eucharisteo means “to show a favor,” but this imposes a duty of gratitude and the meaning “to be thankful” or “to give thanks” develops. We also find the sense “to pray.” The Greek world held thanksgiving in high esteem. With the ordinary use we find a public use (gratitude to rulers) and a religious use (thanksgiving to the gods for blessings). Thanks are also a constituent part of letters. (Kittel, G., Friedrich, G., & Bromiley, G. W. Theological Dictionary of the New Testament. Eerdmans) In the Gospels the verb eucharisteo frequently describes Jesus' example of giving thanks (Mt 15:36; 26:27; Mk 8:6; 23" class="scriptRef">14:23; Lk 22:17, 19; Jn 6:11, 23; 11:41) Paul was frequently thankful to God for the saints and the grace given to them (1Co 1:4, Ep 1:16 Php 1:3, Col 1:3, 12, 1Th 1:2, 2Th 1:3, 2:13, Philemon 1:4). The effect of the Spirit's filling is a thankful heart (Eph 5:20, cp Col 3:17). Eucharisteo describes a person who is depending on God’s grace moment by moment. The present tense pictures this as one's lifestyle, a life only possible under the control of the Spirit. Eucharisteo is found 38 times in the NT (and not in the non-apocryphal LXX) - Mt 15:36; Mt 26:27 (Jesus' practice was to give thanks - here before the "last supper"); Mk 8:6; 14.23" class="scriptRef">14:23; Lk 17:16 (only 1/10 cleansed lepers thanked Jesus for healing); Lk 18:11 (pretentious thanks from the Pharisee!); Lk 22:17, 19; Jn 6:11, 23; 11:41 (Jesus' thanks was directed to the Father); Acts 27:35; 28:15; Ro 1:8-note, Ro 1:21-note; Ro 14:6-note; Ro 16:4-note; 1Co 1:4, 14; 1Co 10:30; 11:24; 14:17, 18; 2Co 1:11; Ep 1:16-note; Eph 5:20; Php 1:3-note; Col 1:3-note, Col 1:12-note; Col 3:17-note; 1Th 1:2-note; 1Th 2:13-note; 1Th 5:18-note; 2Th 1:3; 2:13; Philemon. 1:4; Re 11:17-note. The NAS translates it - gave thanks(2), give thanks(9), given thanks(7), gives thanks(2), giving thanks(7),thank(9), thanked(1), thanks(1). 1 Thessalonians 2:13 (note) And for this reason we also constantly thank God that when you received from us the word of God's message, you accepted it not as the word of men, but for what it really is, the word of God, which also performs its work in you who believe. It is notable that one the chief traits of unregenerate men is the failure to give thanks to God and their attitude of ingratitude is not without "natural" sequelae" Paul explaining... For even though they knew God, they did not honor Him as God, or give thanks; but they became futile in their speculations, and their foolish heart was darkened. (Ro 1:21 - see note) This call to thankfulness for everything is found frequently in the New Testament -- Philippians 4:6 (note) Be anxious (present imperative = make this your habitual practice) for nothing, but in everything by prayer and supplication with thanksgiving let your requests be made known (present imperative = make this your habitual practice) to God. 1Thessalonians 5:18 (note) in everything give thanks (present imperative = make this your habitual practice); for this is God's will for you in Christ Jesus. How is it possible to obey this command? When you are controlled by the Spirit and understanding the truth that nothing happens in your life that is not filtered through the hands of your Loving Father, Who is El Elyon, the Most High God (see study El Elyon: Most High God - Sovereign Over All). Then you can withstand the trial, the affliction, the suffering. He is in control and He has a purpose for the trial or suffering. It will not be wasted. He is sovereign (See attribute of God's sovereignty) and therefore in control of the heavens and the earth and all the angelic hosts of heaven and no purpose of His can be thwarted, as Paul has already taught in Ephesians 1 writing... also we have obtained an inheritance, having been predestined according to His purpose who works all things after the counsel of His will, (See note Ephesians 1:11) This same truth that God is in control of everything that occurs in our lives is seen elsewhere in Scripture... And we know that God causes all things to work together for good to those who love God, to those who are called according to His purpose. 29 For whom He foreknew, He also predestined to become conformed to the image of His Son, that He might be the first-born among many brethren (See notes Romans 8:28; 8:29) (Joseph to his brothers held fast to this same truth declaring) And as for you, you meant evil against me, but God meant it for good in order to bring about this present result, to preserve many people alive. (Genesis 50:20) (Job speaking to God affirms) "I know that Thou canst do all things, And that no purpose of Thine can be thwarted." (Job 42:2) Thanksgiving implies that the grateful person is in perfect submission to the will of God, however His will is manifest. Why? Because it is only when we are fully convinced that God is working all things together for good (Ro 8:28, 29-note) that we can really give God thanks. Paul is cautioning against a whining, complaining, murmuring spirit which is really just an express one's lack of faith in God's goodness. James in the context of asking God for wisdom in trials writes that we are to ask in faith (in context belief in God's goodness and kindness even in trials) without any doubting, for the one who doubts is like the surf of the sea driven and tossed by the wind. For let not that man expect that he will receive anything from the Lord, being a double-minded man (a man of two minds - hesitating, irresolute), unstable (uncertain, unreliable) in all his ways. (James 1:6, 78 - note) Boice adds that... Shakespeare wrote in King Lear, "How sharper than a serpent's tooth it is to have a thankless child!" True! Ingratitude in children wounds and sometimes kills. But how much more unnatural and repugnant is ingratitude in those who have become sons and daughters of the living God (living God = Mt 16:16, 26:63, Acts 14:15, Ro 9:26, 2Co 3:3, 6:16, 1Ti 3:15, 4:10, Heb 3:12, 9:14, 10:31,12:22, Re 7:2). It is so unnatural that a person may wonder if such a one has actually become a Christian in the first place. (Ephesians Commentary) For (5228) (huper) means because of or in view of and in this context is used as a marker of cause or reason, often as in this verse with the implication of something which has been beneficial- All things (3956) (pas) means all without exception! Not all prayer is spoken; singing is a high communication to the Lord and should be done from the heart. This verse is the first of two Pauline injunctions to thank God in all things. Matthew Henry writes that... We must continue it throughout the whole course of our lives; and we should give thanks for all things; not only for spiritual blessings enjoyed, and eternal ones expected (for what of the former we have in hand, and for what of the other we have in hope), but for temporal mercies too; not only for our comforts, but also for our sanctified afflictions; not only for what immediately concerns ourselves, but for the instances of God's kindness and favour to others also. It is our duty in every thing to give thanks unto God and the Father, to God as the Father of our Lord Jesus Christ and our Father in him, in whose name we are to offer up all our prayers, and praises, and spiritual services, that they may be acceptable to God. Michael Green records the following story from the life of the fourteenth-century German Johann Tauler, which aptly demonstrates something of the attitude Jesus is calling His disciples to maintain... One day Tauler met a beggar. ‘God give you a good day, my friend,’ he said. The beggar answered, ‘I thank God I never had a bad one.’ Then Tauler said, ‘God give you a happy life, my friend.’ ‘I thank God’, said the beggar, ‘that I am never unhappy.’ In amazement Tauler asked, ‘What do you mean?’ ‘Well,’ said the beggar, ‘when it is fine I thank God. When it rains I thank God. When I have plenty I thank God. When I am hungry I thank God. And, since God’s will is my will, and whatever pleases him pleases me, why should I say I am unhappy when I am not?’ Tauler looked at the man in astonishment. ‘Who are you?’ he asked. ‘I am a king,’ said the beggar. ‘Where, then, is your kingdom?’ asked Tauler. The beggar replied quietly, ‘In my heart.’ R Kent Hughes writes that... the fullness of the Spirit does call us to a radical spirit of gratitude. We are to thank God in the midst of difficulties for everything which is consistent with his Fatherhood and his loving Son... The fullness of the Spirit rules out a grumbling, complaining, negative, sour spirit. No one can be Spirit-filled and traffic in these things. In America we, as a people, have so much. Yet we characteristically mourn what we do not have: another's house, car, job, vacation, even family (see word study on envy)! Such thanklessness indicates a life missing the fullness of the Holy Spirit. On the other hand, a positive, thankful attitude announces the presence of the Spirit. I once met a pastor in a remote little western town. His church met in rented facilities, and his car had seen better days, as had his house-trailer. But as we walked down Main Street, stepping around the tumbleweeds, he remarked, "I can't believe how good God is to me. I have a wonderful wife, a church to serve, and sunshine 365 days a year!" And then he spent the day helping me set up a week-long outreach. What an argument for the reality of Christ and the life-changing power of the gospel in a world which has forgotten to be thankful (cf. Romans 1:21-note). (Ephesians: The Mystery of the Body of Christ (Preaching the Word -Preaching the Word 1990.) Wiersbe has some excellent advice writing that... When a Christian finds himself in a difficult situation, he should immediately give thanks to the Father, in the name of Jesus Christ, by the power of the Spirit, to keep his heart from complaining and fretting. The devil moves in when a Christian starts to complain, but thanksgiving in the Spirit defeats the devil and glorifies the Lord. “In everything give thanks: for this is the will of God in Christ Jesus concerning you” (1Th 5:18-note). The word gratitude comes from the same root word as grace (charis). If we have experienced the grace of God, then we ought to be grateful for what God brings to us. Thank and think also come from the same root word. If we would think more, we would thank more (Ed: "Amen!"). (Wiersbe, W: Bible Exposition Commentary. 1989. Victor) (Bolding added) Faber writes that... If we had to name any one thing which seems unaccountably to have fallen out of most men's practical religion altogether, it would be the duty of thanksgiving. It is not easy to exaggerate the common neglect of this duty. There is little enough of prayer; but there is still less of thanksgiving.... Alas! it is not hard to find the reason of this. Our own interests drive us obviously to prayer; but it is love alone which leads to thanksgiving. (Faber, All for Jesus, pp. 208, 209) W. L. Watkinson writes that... The Spirit of Thankfulness ought to be the temper of our whole life—'giving thanks always for all things'. (1) God merits our thanks, if such an expression may be allowed. Our very being is His wondrous gift. The things which gladden and go to the enrichment and perfecting of life are His gifts. And as He is the supreme giver, so is He the source of all our blessing. (2) God expects our thanks. We cannot believe that the living God is indifferent to the Spirit in which His boons are accepted. Our nature teaches us better. He whom we worship is not the great machinist, chemist, or artist—such a being might be insensible to gratitude; but we give thanks 'to God, even the Father,' and it is impossible to think that love and gratitude have no place in our relation to Him. This spirit of thankfulness is possible only in the grace and power of Jesus Christ. The name of Christ is that general and holy element, as it were, in which everything is to be received, to be enjoined, to be done, and to be suffered. The Spirit of the natural man is the spirit of criticism and depreciation. Dowered with treasures of light and darkness, inheriting a large and wealthy place, the language of discontent is our native speech. Let us see, then, how in the Christian life these infinite repinings are changed into praise. (1) The truth and grace of Jesus Christ make thankfulness possible by convincing us of our true position before God. Ingratitude, in the main, arises out of infinite and inveterate conceit. Satisfied that we are worthy of the greatest of God's gifts, we really appreciate none. Here the truth of the Gospel effects a fundamental change; it convinces us that we are sinners, without merit and rights; and in doing this, gives a new standpoint whence we view the whole field of life. (2) Christ makes thankfulness possible through restoring in us the spiritual faculty by which we discern the greatness and sweetness of all things. Genius shows itself and its transcendence by discerning the grandeur, romance, and joy of all things great or small. The Spirit of Christ creates in us a faculty of spiritual appreciation corresponding to genius in the mental realm. (3) Christ makes the habit of thankfulness possible by assuring us that the painful things of life serve equally with the brightest. The 'all things' must not be limited to agreeable things. 'Forget not all His benefits.' We cannot recall all the treasures of the deep along whose shore we have travelled; but we can keep a few pearly shells which retain the echoes of the vast music of the ocean of the eternal love (W. L. Watkinson, Themes for Hours of Meditation) Paul himself is an example of constant thanksgiving for all of his Epistles (except Galatians, 1Timothy, and Titus) open with thanksgiving. And how could the Philippians forget Paul's example in the dungeon at Philippi when at about midnight Paul and Silas were praying and singing hymns of praise to God, and the prisoners were listening to them (Acts 16:25). MacArthur explains that God’s promises support the reasonableness of saints always offering thanksgiving to God irregardless of the circumstances for He has promised that no trial believers face will be too difficult for them to handle (1Cor 10:13). He has also promised to use everything that happens in believers’ lives for their ultimate good (Ro 8:28)...People become worried, anxious, and fearful because they do not trust in God’s wisdom, power, or goodness. They fear that God is not wise enough, strong enough, or good enough to prevent disaster. It may be that this sinful doubt is because their knowledge of Him is faulty, or that sin in their lives has crippled their faith. Thankful prayer brings release from fear and worry, because it affirms God’s sovereign control over every circumstance, and that His purpose is the believer’s good (cf Ge 50:20). (MacArthur, J. Philippians. Chicago: Moody Press or Logos) Hiebert writes that... The Christian should meet adverse circumstances of life not with a spirit of stoic resignation but with a spirit of unfailing gratitude. Paul and Silas had exemplified this spirit when imprisoned at Philippi (Acts 16:25). Such an attitude is made possible only by the grace of God. It can become a vital reality only when the truth of Ro 8:28-note is experienced. When we realize that God works all things out for good to those who love Him and are yielded to His will, thanksgiving under all circumstances becomes a glorious possibility "He who can say `Amen' to the will of God in his heart will be able to say 'Hallelujah' also."' It is typical of a life of unbelief that it lacks thanksgiving (Ro 1:21-note), but a life united with God in Christ Jesus is characterized by a spirit of thanksgiving (Hiebert, D. Edmond: 1 & 2 Thessalonians: BMH Book. 1996) Barnes commenting on 1Thes 5:18 notes that believers... can always find something to be thankful for, and there may be reasons why we ought to be thankful for even those dispensations which appear dark and frowning. Chrysostom, once the archbishop of Constantinople, and then driven into exile, persecuted, and despised, died far away from all the splendours of the capital, and all the comforts and honours which he had enjoyed, uttering his favourite motto -- glory to God for all things. Bibliotheca Sacra, i. 700. So we may praise God for everything that happens to us under His government. A man owes a debt of obligation to Him for anything which will recall him from his wanderings, and which will prepare him for heaven. Are there any dealings of God towards men which do not contemplate such an end? Is a man ever made to drink the cup of affliction when no drop of mercy is intermingled? Is he ever visited with calamity which does not in some way contemplate his own temporal or eternal good? Could we see all, we should see that we are never placed in circumstances in which there is not much for which we should thank God. And when, in his dealings, a cloud seems to cover his face, let us remember the good things without number which we have received, and especially remember that we are in the world of redeeming love, and we shall find enough for which to be thankful. For this is the will of God. That is, that you should be grateful. This is what God is pleased to require you to perform in the name of the Lord Jesus. In the gift of that Saviour he has laid the foundation for that claim, and he requires that you should not be unmindful of the obligation. (cf note Hebrews 13:15). (Barnes' Notes on the New Testament) J Vernon McGee commenting on 1Thes 5:18 writes that give thanks in everything means... in all circumstances, not just once a year, but all the time. This "is the will of God in Christ Jesus concerning you." If you come to me and ask what is the will of God for you, I can tell you three specific things that are the will of God for you: Rejoice always, pray without ceasing, and give thanks in everything. That is the will of God for you. (McGee, J V: Thru the Bible Commentary: Thomas Nelson or Logos) Bible Background Commentary wrote that even the... Pagans who recognized that Fate or some god was sovereign over everything acknowledged that one should accept whatever comes or even give thanks for it. For Paul, those who trust God’s sovereignty and love can give thanks in every situation. (Keener, Craig: The IVP Bible Background Commentary: New Testament. 1994. IVP) Merrill Unger wrote that thanksgiving is... A duty of which gratitude is the grace. This obligation of godliness is acknowledged by the universal sentiment of mankind; but as a Christian grace it has some blessed peculiarities. It is gratitude for all the benefits of divine Providence, especially for the general and personal gifts of redemption. The very term most in use shows this; it is charis, which is the grace of God in Christ, operating in the soul of the believer as a principle and going back to Him in gratitude: “Thanks be to God for His indescribable gift!” (2Co 9:15). The ethical gratitude of Christianity connects every good gift and every perfect gift with the gift of Christ. Moreover, it is a thanksgiving that in the Christian economy, and in it alone, redounds to God for all things: in everything give thanks. This characteristic flows from the former. The rejoicing that we have in the Lord, and the everlasting consolation we possess in Him, makes every possible variety of divine dispensation a token for good. The Christian privilege is to find reason for gratitude in all things: “for this is God’s will for you in Christ Jesus” (1 Thessalonians. 5:18). (Unger, M. F., Harrison, R. K., Vos, H. F., Barber, C. J., & Unger, M. F. The New Unger's Bible Dictionary. Chicago: Moody Press) ><> ><> ><> In his book FOLK PSALMS OF FAITH, Ray Stedman tells of an experience H. A. Ironside had in a crowded restaurant. Just as Ironside was about to begin his meal, a man approached and asked if he could join him. Ironside invited his to have a seat. Then, as was his custom, Ironside bowed his head in prayer. When he opened his eyes, the other man asked, "Do you have a headache?" Ironside replied, "No, I don't." The other man asked, "Well, is there something wrong with your food?" Ironside replied, "No, I was simply thanking God as I always do before I eat." The man said, "Oh, you're one of those, are you? Well, I want you to know I never give thanks. I earn my money by the sweat of my brow and I don't have to give thanks to anybody when I eat. I just start right in!" Ironside said, "Yes, you're just like my dog. That's what he does too!" (Ray Stedman, Folk Psalms of Faith) ><> ><> ><> In a sermon at Immanuel Presbyterian Church in Los Angeles, Gary Wilburn said: "In 1636, amid the darkness of the Thirty Years' War, a German pastor, Martin Rinkart, is said to have buried five thousand of his parishioners in one year, and average of fifteen a day. His parish was ravaged by war, death, and economic disaster. In the heart of that darkness, with the cries of fear outside his window, he sat down and wrote this table grace for his children: 'Now thank we all our God With heart and hands and voices Who wondrous things had done In whom His world rejoices. Who, from our mother's arms, Hath led us on our way With countless gifts of love And still is ours today Here was a man who knew thanksgiving comes from love of God, not from outward circumstances. (Don Maddox) ><> ><> ><> Scottish minister Alexander Whyte was known for his uplifting prayers in the pulpit. He always found something for which to be grateful. One Sunday morning the weather was so gloomy that one church member thought to himself... Certainly the preacher won't think of anything for which to thank the Lord on a wretched day like this. Much to his surprise, however, Pastor Whyte began by praying... We thank Thee, O God, that it is not always like this. That's the habitual attitude of gratitude Paul says should characterize Spirit filled saints, beloved. Gratitude is an attitude that like all spiritual disciplines, needs to be consciously developed and deliberately cultivated in the dependence on the Holy Spirit (cp Ep 5:18-note) and the grace in which we stand (Ro 5:2-note). There are some practical steps that can cultivate the gracious attribute of gratitude. For example, you can make thanksgiving a priority in your prayer life (Col 4:2-note) rather than focusing only on petitions and requests. There may even be blessed times when your prayer time consists of nothing but gratefulness to the Almighty. You can always thank Him for the various wonderful aspects of your salvation (adoption & sovereign care, forgiveness, inheritance, the gift of His Spirit, freedom from sin's power and Satan's authority, etc) Have you had any prayer times like that recently? And you can thank Him for the "smaller" blessings of life, those things we all to often take for granted. You can ask Him to make you very sensitive to grumbling and mumbling complaints which are the polar opposite of a thankful spirit. You can utilize spiritual songs (Eph 5:20) to cultivate an attitude of thankfulness, allowing the words of a wonderful hymn to lift your eyes and heart in a way that nothing else can. Thank people who bless you in even the smallest ways. It will complete your enjoyment of the blessing, and it will increase your capacity to thank God. Reflect on and serve those less fortunate than you. This will remind you of how gracious God has been to you, how far He has brought you, and how much He has blessed you—which will in turn motivate you to be grateful to God. Spurgeon admits that in regard to giving thanks... I have not always found it easy to practice this duty; this I confess to my shame. When suffering extreme pain some time ago, a brother in Christ said to me, "Have you thanked God for this?" I replied that I desired to be patient, and would be thankful to recover. "But," said he, "in everything give thanks, not after it is over, but while you are still in it, and perhaps when you are enabled to give thanks for the severe pain, it will cease." I believe that there was much force in that good advice. (Ed note: I agree but would add that even if the pain doesn't cease, one's heart assumes a proper perspective to pain). As John Piper asks How can we not be thankful when we owe everything to God? (A Godward Life) Torrey's Topic Thanksgiving Christ set an example of -Matthew 11:25; 26:27; John 6:11; 11:41 The heavenly host engaged in -Revelation 4:9; 7:11,12; 11:16,17 Commanded -Psalms 50:14; Philippians 4:6 Is a good thing -Psalms 92:1 SHOULD BE OFFERED To God -Psalms 50:14 To Christ -1 Timothy 1:12 Through Christ -Romans 1:8; Colossians 3:17; Hebrews 13:15 In the name of Christ -Ephesians 5:20 In behalf of ministers -2Corinthians 1:11 In private worship -Daniel 6:10 In public worship -Psalms 35:18 In everything -1 Thessalonians 5:18 Upon the completion of great undertakings -Nehemiah 12:31,40 Before taking food -John 6:11; Acts 27:35 Always -Ephesians 1:16; 5:20; 1 Thessalonians 1:2 At the remembrance of God’s holiness -Psalms 30:4; 97:12 For the goodness and mercy of God -Psalms 106:1; 107:1; 136:1, 2, 3 For the gift of Christ -2 Corinthians 9:15 For Christ’s power and reign -Revelation 11:17 For the reception and effectual working of the word of God In others -1 Thessalonians 2:13 For deliverance through Christ from in-dwelling sin -Romans 7:23-25 For victory over death and the grave -1 Corinthians 15:57 For wisdom and might -Daniel 2:23 For the triumph of the gospel -2 Corinthians 2:14 For the conversion of others -Romans 6:17 For faith exhibited by others -Romans 1:8; 2 Thessalonians 1:3 For love exhibited by others -2 Thessalonians 1:3 For the grace bestowed on others -1 Corinthians 1:4; Philippians 1:3-5; Colossians 1:3-6 For the zeal exhibited by others -2 Corinthians 8:16 For the nearness of God’s presence -Psalms 75:1 For appointment to the ministry -1 Timothy 1:12 For willingness to offer our property for God’s service -1 Chronicles 29:6-14 For the supply of our bodily wants -Romans 14:6,7; 1 Timothy 4:3,4 For all men -1 Timothy 2:1 For all things -2 Corinthians 9:11; Ephesians 5:20 Should be accompanied by intercession for others -1 Timothy 2:1; 2 Timothy 1:3; Philemon 1:4 Should always accompany prayer -Nehemiah 11:17; Philippians 4:6; Colossians 4:2 Should always accompany praise -Psalms 92:1; Hebrews 13:15 Expressed in psalms -1 Chronicles 16:7 Ministers appointed to offer, in public -1 Chronicles 16:4,7; 23:30; 2 Chronicles 31:2 SAINTS Exhorted to -Psalms 105:1; Colossians 3:15 Resolved to offer -Psalms 18:49; 30:12 Habitually offer -Daniel 6:10 Offer sacrifices of -Psalms 116:17 Abound in the faith with -Colossians 2:7 Magnify God by -Psalms 69:30 Come before God with -Psalms 95:2 Should enter God’s gate with -Psalms 100:4 Of hypocrites, full of boasting -Luke 18:11 The wicked averse to -Romans 1:21 Exemplified David -1 Chronicles 29:12 Levites -2 Chronicles 5:12,13 Daniel -Daniel 2:23 Jonah -Jonah 2:9 Simeon -Luke 2:28 Anna -Luke 2:38 Paul -Acts 28:15 IN THE NAME OF OUR LORD JESUS CHRIST TO GOD, EVEN THE FATHER: en onomati tou kuriou hemon Iesou Christou to theo kai patri: (John 14:13,14; 15:16; 16:23-26; Colossians 3:17; Hebrews 13:15; 1Peter 2:5; 4:11) As Moule explains that in the Name of our Lord Jesus Christ means... resting on Him, (relying on) Him as Mediator and Advocate (Ephesian Studies: Expository Readings on the Epistle of Saint Paul to the Ephesians) Name (3686) (onoma) the proper name of a person or object. In antiquity "the name" meant much more than it does today. We use a name as little more than a distinguishing mark or label to differentiate one person from other people. But in the world of the NT the name concisely sums up all that a person is. One's whole character was implied in the name. We see this principle especially in the OT Names of God, where each new name conveyed a new attribute or characteristic of God. See Name of the LORD is a Strong Tower - Summary Chart Christ (5547) (Christos from chrio = to anoint, rub with oil, consecrate to an office) is the Anointed One, the Messiah, Christos being the Greek equivalent of the transliterated Hebrew word Messiah. Father (3962) (pater) is defined as the genitor, by whom one is begotten. Father in the Bible speaks of the Supreme Deity, Who is the responsible for the origin and care of all that exists. The OT only rarely uses Father in reference to God (some 14x), which made Jesus' instruction on the pattern of the disciples' prayer in Mt 6:9-note somewhat of a radical teaching (i.e., telling the disciples to address God as their Father!) God is not the Father of every human being but only those who are "born again" (John 3:3). Father is God's family name which can be uttered with its full significance only by His children, those in the family having been born again by His Spirit. Pater is one of the titles for God and is a name which combines the aspects of supernatural authority and care for His people. Note that the word “Abba” is the Aramaic word for “Father.” Aramaic is the language which the Jews spoke in Palestine in the first century. Thus the words “Abba, Father,” were a formula familiar to the bilingual Palestinian Church. In the spiritual sense, God becomes our Father when we are saved we are brought into His family... (Jesus) came to His own (most feel this refers to the Jewish nation), and those who were His own did not receive Him (most of the Jews rejected His Messiahship). But (blessed "but"!) as many as received Him, to them He gave the right to become children of God, even to those who believe (by grace through faith we are saved) in His name (Because His Name stands for everything Jesus was and is and will be), who were born not of blood, nor of the will of the flesh, nor of the will of man, but of God (supernaturally, miraculously by His Spirit's work in our heart). (John 1:11, 12, 13) Comment: It follows that only believers can refer to God as their Father. There are only two spiritual families in the world. Everyone who refuses to believe in Christ as Savior and Lord belongs to the "other family," whose is headed by their spiritual father Satan (Jn 8:44). Now as His children we can approach Him as a child does his father for we are objects of His special watch care and love! This is a blessed thought which should encourage our praying, fully confident that He hears us. Let us therefore (Context = Heb 4:14-note, Heb 4:15-note) draw near with confidence (the idea is with boldness before the Holy God because of the work of our Great High Priest - cp Heb 10:19, 20, 21-note, Heb 10:22-note) to the throne of grace (the throne we do not and cannot merit, but which Jesus' blood merits for us forever! Praise the Name of Jesus!), that we may receive mercy (Implication is that this our great need for although saved, we still commit sins which otherwise, outside of Christ, would merit death, not mercy - mercy is not giving us what we deserve - Hallelujah!) and may find grace (grace is giving us what we don't deserve!) to help in time of need ("in the nick of time"). (He 4:16-note) Comment: The other side of this truth, is that when we sin, we don't sin in a vacuum, but we sin against God our Father and just as an earthly father is grieved, so too is our Father in heaven. Fellowship is disturbed and needs to be restored. Based on the atoning work of the blood of Lamb of God (1Jn 2:1), we can come to God and confess our sins and even boldly beseech His forgiveness (being sure that we have forgiven others - see Mt 6:12, 13, 14).

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