Scribes (1122) grammateus by Greek Word Studies

Scribes (1122) (grammateus from grápho = write) literally is a writer (town clerk - Acts 19:35) and was the word used to describe a clerk, a scribe, especially a public scribe, a secretary, a recorder, whose office and influence differed in different states. See multiple dictionary articles on Scribes - Click Here Grammateus is used 67 times in the NT (Matt 2:4; 5.20" class="scriptRef">5:20; 29" class="scriptRef">7:29; 19" class="scriptRef">8:19; 9:3; 38" class="scriptRef">12:38; 13:52; 15:1; 16" class="scriptRef">16.21" class="scriptRef">16:21; 17:10; 20:18; 21:15; 23.2" class="scriptRef">23:2, 14" class="scriptRef">13-14, 23, 25, 27" class="scriptRef">27, 29, 34; 26:3, 57; 27:41; Mark 1:22; 2:6, 16; 3:22; 7:1, 5; 31" class="scriptRef">8:31; 9:11, 14, 16; 10:33; 11:18, 27; 12:28, 32, 35, 38; 14:1, 43, 53" class="scriptRef">53; 15:1, 31; Luke 5:21, 30; 6:7; 9:22; 11:44, 53; 15:2; 19:47; 20:1, 19, 39, 46; 22:2, 66; 23:10; John 8:3; Acts 4:5; 6:12; 19:35; 23:9; 1Cor 1:20) Grammateus is found 69 times in the Septuagint - Exod. 5:6, 22.10" class="scriptRef">10" class="scriptRef">10, 4-Exod.5.23" class="scriptRef">23" class="scriptRef">14f, 19; Num. 11:16; 20" class="scriptRef">20" class="scriptRef">20.5" class="scriptRef">Deut. 20:5, 8-Deut.20.20" class="scriptRef">8f; Jos. 1:10; 3:2; 8:30; 23:2; 24:1; Jdg. 5:14; 17" class="scriptRef">2 Sam. 8:17; 25" class="scriptRef">20:25; 1 Ki. 4:3, 20; 12" class="scriptRef">12.10" class="scriptRef">2 Ki. 12:10; 18.18" class="scriptRef">18:18, 37; 19:2; 22:3, 8, 10, 12; 25:19; 1 Chr. 2:55; 5:12; 18:16; 23:4; 24:6; 27:1, 32; 2 Chr. 19:11; 24:11; 26:11; 13" class="scriptRef">34:13, 15, 18, 20; Ezr. 4:8f, 17, 23; 7:6, 11f, 21, 25; Neh. 8:1, 4, 9, 13; 12:26, 36; 13:13; Est. 3:12; 8:9; 9:3; Job 37:20; Ps. 45:1; Isa. 36:3, 22; 37:2; Jer. 8:8; 36:10, 12, 23; 37:15, 20; 52:25 Nave's Topical entry on Scribes... A writer and transcriber of the law, 2Sa 8:17; 20:25; 1Kin. 4:3; 2Kin. 12:10; 18:37; 19:2; 1Chr. 24:6; 27:32; Neh. 13:13; Jer. 36:12. King's secretary, 2Kin. 12:10, 11, 12; 22:1-14; Esther 3:12; 8:9. Officer in charge of conscription of the army, 2Ki 25:19; 2Chr. 26:11. Instructors in the law, Mt. 7:29; 13:52; 17:10; 23:2, 3. Test Jesus with questions, bringing to Jesus a woman taken in adultery, John 8:3. Members of the council, Matt. 2:4. Conspire against Jesus, Matt. 26:3, 57; 27:41; Mark 14:1; Luke 22:66. Hypocrisy of, reproved by Jesus, Matt. 5:20; 9:3; 12:38; 15:1; 16:21; 20:18; 21:15. The grammateus was a recognized expert in Jewish law including both Scripture and traditional laws and regulations. They were members of a learned class in ancient Israel through New Testament times who studied the Scriptures and served as copyists, editors, and teachers. Thus they were considered to be experts in matters relating to divine revelation, especially in regard to the law of Moses. (click Bible dictionary discussion) Thayer notes that grammateus in the Bible was... a man learned in the Mosaic law and in the sacred writings, an interpreter, teacher. Scribes examined the more difficult and subtle questions of the law; added to the Mosaic law decisions of various kinds thought to elucidate its meaning and scope, and did this to the detriment of religion. Since the advice of men skilled in the law was needed in the examination in the causes and the solution of the difficult questions, they were enrolled in the Sanhedrin; and are mentioned in connection with the priests and elders of the people. Vine says that grammateus is from gramma, a writing, denotes a scribe, a man of letters, a teacher of the law; the scribes are mentioned frequently in the Synoptists, especially in connection with the Pharisees, with whom they virtually formed one party (see Luke 5:21), sometimes with the chief priests, e.g., Matt. 2:4; Mark 8:31; 10:33; 11:18, 27; Luke 9:22. They are mentioned only once in John’s Gospel, 8:3, three times in the Acts, 4:5; 6:12; 23:9; elsewhere only in 1 Cor. 1:20, in the singular. They were considered naturally qualified to teach in the Synagogues, Mark 1:22. They were ambitious of honour, e.g., Matt. 23:5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, which they demanded especially from their pupils, and which was readily granted them, as well as by the people generally. Like Ezra (Ezra 7:12), the scribes were found originally among the priests and Levites. The priests being the official interpreters of the Law, the scribes ere long became an independent company; though they though they never held political power, they became leaders of the people. Their functions regarding the Law were to teach it, develop it, and use it in connection with the Sanhedrin and various local courts. They also occupied themselves with the sacred writings both historical and didactic. They attached the utmost importance to ascetic elements, by which the nation was especially separated from the Gentiles. In their régime piety was reduced to external formalism. Only that was of value which was governed by external precept. Life under them became a burden; they themselves sought to evade certain of their own precepts, Mt 23:16f; Lk 11:46; by their traditions the Law, instead of being a help in moral and spiritual life, became an instrument for preventing true access to God, Luke 11:52. Hence the Lord’s stern denunciations of them and the Pharisees. (Vine, W E: Vine's Complete Expository Dictionary of Old and New Testament Words. 1996. Nelson) C. S. Lewis gives an illustration from his own life of the attitude of many who hear the gospel and fail to act upon it writing... When I was a child I often had toothache, and I knew that if I went to my mother she would give me something which would deaden the pain for that night and let me get to sleep. But I did not go to my mother-at least, not till the pain became very bad. And the reason I did not go was this. I did not doubt she would give me the aspirin: but I knew she would also do something else. I knew she would take me to the dentist next morning. I could not get what I wanted out of her without getting something more, which I did not want. I wanted immediate relief from pain: but I could not get it without having my teeth set permanently right. And I knew those dentists; I knew they started fiddling about with all sorts of other teeth which had not yet begun to ache. They would not let sleeping dogs lie. (Mere Christianity 2001 Harper) "Copy and paste the address below into your web browser in order to go to the original page which will allow you to access live links related to the material on this page - these links include Scriptures (which can be read in context), Scripture pop-ups on mouse over, and a variety of related resources such as Bible dictionary articles, commentaries, sermon notes and theological journal articles related to the topic under discussion." http://www.preceptaustin.org/matthew_728-29.htm#scribes

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Scribes (1122) grammateus

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