romans-9:21-23

Destruction (684) (apoleia from apo = marker of separation, away from + olethros = ruin, death but not annihilation <> from ollumi = to destroy) means utter and hopeless loss of all that gives worth to existence. Note that contrary to popular opinion apoleia does not refer to extinction or annihilat... Read More

(Not) Be disappointed (2617) (Kataischuno from kata = down but here intensifies meaning of verb aischuno = to shame) means primarily to put to shame, to humiliate, to disgrace (1Cor 11:4, 5) and (as used in the present verse) to disappoint or to frustrate one's hope (Ro 9:33-note, Ro 10:11-note, 1Pe... Read More

Authorities (1849) (exousia) is derived from éxesti = it is permitted, it is lawful meaning liberty of action. Exousía means the power to do something and was a technical term used in the law courts, of a legal right. "Authority or right is the dominant meaning (of exousia) in the New Testament." (V... Read More

Perfect (2675) (katartízō from katá = with + artízō = to adjust, fit, finish, in turn from ártios = fit, complete) means to fit or join together and so to mend or repair. Katartízō conveys the fundamental idea of putting something into its appropriate condition so it will function well. It conveys t... Read More

Tested (1381) (dokimazo from dokimos = tested, proved or approved, tried as metals by fire and thus purified from dechomai = to accept, receive) means to assay, to test, to prove, to put to the test, to make a trial of, to verify, to discern to approve. Dokimazo involves not only testing but determi... Read More

Failed (1601) (ekpipto from ek = from + pípto = to fall) literally means to fall from or fall off or fall out, to drop off or away as would a withered, dying flower (reflecting the effect of scorching heat James 1:11, 1Pe 1:24) or as would a fetter or chain (Acts 12:7). Drop off or fall short. Ekpip... Read More

Thoroughly (4931) (sunteleo from sun = together or an intensifier + teleo = to finish, related word - sunteleia) means to bring together to culmination or completion. The bringing together of an intended purpose. Sunteleo speaks of an activity which is brought to an end, completed or finished. All o... Read More

Gentle (1933) (epieikes from epí = upon, on [intensifies meaning] + eikós = fair, equitable - but see note by Vincent below) is a Greek word that is difficult to translate. This word includes the ideas of gentle (free from harshness, sternness, or violence), forbearing (holding oneself back from esp... Read More

Forbearance (tolerance) (463) (anoche from anecho = be patient with in regard to errors or weaknesses = "put up with") describes self-restraint, a holding back, a pause, a temporary cessation, a state of respite from something onerous or disagreeable. Forbearance refers to a refraining from the enfo... Read More

Gentle (1933) (epieikes from epí = upon, on [intensifies meaning] + eikós = fair, equitable - but see note by Vincent below) is a Greek word that is difficult to translate. This word includes the ideas of gentle (free from harshness, sternness, or violence), forbearing (holding oneself back from esp... Read More