Paul's ministry was driven by both the love and the fear of God (cf. 2 Cor 5:10-21). But his knowledge of "the fear of the Lord" (v. 11) was attached to a commonly understood reality associated with the judgment seat of God (v. 10)--i.e., Gehenna. The bodily punishment of the wicked in the Valley of Hinnom was the dark side of Jewish apocalyptic thought that is often neglected today at both an academic and a popular level.