サムエル記下 8:1-15 JC

The Pulpit Commentary - 2 Samuel 8:2

He smote Moab. In the previous history we find David and Moab on such friendly terms that he entrusted his father and mother into their king's keeping ( 1 Samuel 22:3 , 1 Samuel 22:4 ). Now he not only subjugates them, but puts two-thirds or, according to the ancient versions, half of the captured combatants to death. Compared with the custom of the Romans, and with the attempt to destroy all the males in Edom, this was mild treatment; for we find Caesar in his Gallic wars putting all... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - 2 Samuel 8:3

Hadadezer . The name is spelt Hadarezer in 2 Samuel 10:16 and in 1 Chronicles 18:3 , and such is the reading of the versions here and of many Hebrew manuscripts. The other reading has been defended on the ground that Hadad is the name of the Syrian sun-god, but the cuneiform inscriptions show that his real name was Hadar. The King of Syria, mentioned in 1 Kings 20:1 , is called in Assyrian Ben-Hidri. Zobah . Ewald identifies Zobah with the "Sabo" mentioned by Ptolemy. This is... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - 2 Samuel 8:4

David took from him a thousand chariots, and seven hundred horsemen, and twenty thousand footmen. The word "chariots" is inserted in the Authorized Version after "thousand," from the parallel place in 1 Chronicles 18:4 , where also it is said that David captured seven thousand horsemen. The numbers of the Chronicler are more in proportion to one another than those mentioned here, provided we assume that the word "chariots" ought to be supplied, which, as it is not the only difference, is... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - 2 Samuel 8:5

The Syrians of Damascus; Hebrew, Aram-Dammesek; that is, Aram-Damascus. The inhabitants of these regions and of Mesopotamia were descended from Aram, the son of Shem ( Genesis 10:22 ), and bore his name. Thus Zobah is called Aram-Zobah in the title of Psalms 60:1-12 . As members of a kindred race, and speaking the same language, all the clans of the Aramean family would naturally combine to check the growing power of Israel. read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - 2 Samuel 8:6

Garrisons . This is the word used in 1 Samuel 10:5 and 1 Samuel 13:3 . The Arameans were left free to manage their internal affairs themselves, but they had to pay tribute (see on 1 Samuel 13:2 ); and to prevent the assembling of troops to contest David's authority and shake off his yoke, garrisons were stationed in such places as commanded the country. The Philistines had done the same in Israel when they were masters there. read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - 2 Samuel 8:6

Divine preservation. The Revised Version translates, "The Lord gave victory to David;" but in the margin, "saved David," which is equivalent to the translation in the Authorized Version, and is the more literal meaning of the original, from which there is no necessity to depart. In the Psalms, in which David praises God for his help against his enemies, he speaks as much of the protection he experienced as of the victories he won. His preservation in so many perils of war was worthy of... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - 2 Samuel 8:7

Shields of gold. Probably they were plated with gold, and were borne by Hadarezer's bodyguard. But it is very uncertain whether shields are really meant. The word in Syriac means "quivers." Jerome evidently could not at first find out what it signified, as he in this place translates in the Vulgate "arms," but subsequently he became better, informed. The LXX . renders "bracelets," and adds that they were carried away from Jerusalem by Shishak in the days of Rehoboam. There is no... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - 2 Samuel 8:8

Betah … Barothai . Of these cities nothing certain is known, and in 1 Chronicles 18:8 the names are changed to Tibhath and Chun. An interesting addition is made there, inserted also by the LXX . in this place, that it was from this brass (that is, copper) that Solomon made the great laver, the pillars, and many other vessels for the temple service. read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - 2 Samuel 8:9

Toi , called in Chronicles Tou, King of Hamath. This was a famous city upon the river Orontes, afterwards called by the Greeks Epiphania, and was situated upon the northernmost boundary of Palestine. Its interest in the present day lies in its having been the capital of the Hittites—a race whose very existence was doubted a few years ago, in spite of the testimony of Holy Scripture; but whose marvellous empire has been lately proved to be historical by Egyptian records on the one side, and... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - 2 Samuel 8:10

Joram . In 1 Chronicles 18:10 he is called Hadoram, and this was apparently his real name, Joram being merely the substitution of the nearest Hebrew word for something foreign and therefore unintelligible. So among the descendants of the French refugees settled in England similar changes are common. Thus Pillons becomes Pillow; Chevallier, Shoveller; St. Amour, Stammers. As Hamath bordered upon Zobah, and apparently had waged unsuccessful war with the vigorous Hadarezer, Tel was grateful... read more

The Pulpit Commentary - 2 Samuel 8:2

The Pulpit Commentary - 2 Samuel 8:3

The Pulpit Commentary - 2 Samuel 8:4

The Pulpit Commentary - 2 Samuel 8:5

The Pulpit Commentary - 2 Samuel 8:6

The Pulpit Commentary - 2 Samuel 8:6

The Pulpit Commentary - 2 Samuel 8:7

The Pulpit Commentary - 2 Samuel 8:8

The Pulpit Commentary - 2 Samuel 8:9

The Pulpit Commentary - 2 Samuel 8:10

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