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Matthew Henry

Matthew Henry's Complete Commentary - Ecclesiastes 4:1-3

Solomon had a large soul (1 Kgs. 4:29) and it appeared by this, among other things, that he had a very tender concern for the miserable part of mankind and took cognizance of the afflictions of the afflicted. He had taken the oppressors to task (Eccl. 3:16, 17) and put them in mind of the judgment to come, to be a curb to their insolence; now here he observes the oppressed. This he did, no doubt, as a prince, to do them justice and avenge them of their adversaries, for he both feared God and... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Ecclesiastes 4:1

So I returned, and considered all the oppressions that are done under the sun ,.... The wise man, according to Aben Ezra, returned from the thought, which he had expressed in the latter part of the preceding chapter, that it was good for a man to rejoice in his works, and called it in; since he could not rejoice, when he considered the oppression and violence that were in the world; but it does not appear that he did call it in, for he afterwards repeats it: or rather he returns to his... read more

Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Ecclesiastes 4:1

Considered all the oppressions - עשקים ashukim signifies any kind of injury which a man can receive in his person, his property, or his good fame. On the side of their oppressors there was power - And, therefore, neither protection nor comfort for the oppressed. read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Ecclesiastes 4:1

So I returned, and considered all the oppressions that are done under the sun. This is equivalent to, "again I saw," as Ecclesiastes 4:7 , with a reference to the wickedness in the place of judgment which he had noticed in Ecclesiastes 3:16 . Ashukim , "oppressions," is found in Job 35:9 and Amos 3:9 , and, being properly a participle passive, denotes oppressed persons or things, and so abstractedly "oppressions." τὰς συκοφαντίας ; calumnias (Vulgate). The verb is used of... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Ecclesiastes 4:1-3

First of all, he adduces the oppression of man by his fellow-man. read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Ecclesiastes 4:1-16

Section 5. Koheleth proceeds to give further illustrations of man ' s inability to be the architect of his own happiness . There are many things which interrupt or destroy it. read more

Albert Barnes

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Whole Bible - Ecclesiastes 4:1

So I returned, and considered - Rather, And I returned and saw. He turns to look upon other phenomena, and to test his previous conclusion by them.Oppressed - See the introduction to Ecclesiastes. read more

Joseph Benson

Joseph Benson's Commentary of the Old and New Testaments - Ecclesiastes 4:1

Ecclesiastes 4:1. So I returned, and considered I considered again more seriously; all the oppressions under the sun Whether by princes, magistrates, or other potent persons; and the tears of such as were oppressed Their grievous sufferings, sighs, and groans. And they had no comforter None afforded them either pity or succour. For such was the greatness and power of their oppressors, that, as they could not defend themselves against them, so none else durst express their compassion... read more

Donald C. Fleming

Bridgeway Bible Commentary - Ecclesiastes 4:1-3

Injustice in the world (3:16-4:3)Having acknowledged God’s order in human events, the writer now observes that the ‘order’ is, at times, not very orderly. For example, injustice abounds (16). Maybe, thinks the writer, God will put everything right in a judgment day in the afterlife (17). On the other hand, thinks he, there may not be an afterlife. He observes that people die the same as animals, as if God is trying to show that they are no different from the beasts. Also, he asks, can it be... read more

E.W. Bullinger

E.W. Bullinger's Companion Bible Notes - Ecclesiastes 4:1

under the sun. See note on Ecclesiastes 1:3 . side. Hebrew "hand": put by Figure of speech Metonymy (of Cause), App-6 , for the violence proceeding from it. they: i.e. the oppressed. The phrase repeated for emphasis. Figure of speech Epistrophe. App-6 . read more

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