John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Exodus 28:9
And thou shall take two onyx stones ,.... called from the colour of a man's nail, which they to resemble: the Targums of Onkelos and Jonathan call them stones of beryl, and so the Syriac version; the Septuagint, stones of emerald, and the Arabic version, crystal stones: but, according to Josephus F24 Ut supra. (Antiqu. l. 3. c. 7. sect. 5.) , they were sardonyx stones, and in which Brannius F25 De Vestitu Sacerd. Heb. l. 2. c. 18. sect. 4. p. 730. thinks he was right: and... read more
Matthew Henry's Complete Commentary - Exodus 28:6-14
Directions are here given concerning the ephod, which was the outmost garment of the high priest. Linen ephods were worn by the inferior priests, 1 Sam. 22:18. Samuel wore one when he was a child (1 Sam. 2:18), and David when he danced before the ark (2 Sam. 6:14); but this which the high priest only wore was called a golden ephod, because there was a great deal of gold woven into it. It was a short coat without sleeves, buttoned closely to him, with a curious girdle of the same stuff (Exod.... read more