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Matthew Henry

Matthew Henry's Complete Commentary - Hosea 12:1-6

In these verses, I. Ephraim is convicted of folly, in staying himself upon Egypt and Assyria, when he was in straits (Hos. 12:1): Ephraim feeds on wind, that is, feeds himself with vain hopes of assistance from man, when he is at variance with God; and, when he meets with disappointments, he still pursues the same game, and greedily pants and follows after the east wind, which he cannot catch holy of, nor, if he could, would it be nourishing, nay, would be noxious. We say of the wind in the... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Hosea 12:3

He took his brother by the heel in the womb ,.... That is, Jacob took his brother Esau by the heel, as he came forth from his mother's womb; the history of it is in Genesis 25:25 . It is here observed, upon mentioning the name of Jacob in Hosea 12:2 , meaning the posterity, of the patriarch; but here he himself is intended, and occasionally taken notice of, to show how very different his posterity were from him, and how sadly degenerated; as well as to upbraid them with ingratitude,... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Hosea 12:4

Yea, he had power over the angel, and prevailed ,.... This is repeated in different words, not only for the confirmation of it, it being a very extraordinary thing, and difficult of belief; but to direct to the history here referred to, where the person Jacob prevailed over is called a man, and here the angel; and so Josephus F21 Ut supra. (Antiqu. l. 1. c. 20. sect. 2.) calls him a divine Person; not a created angel, not Michael, as the Rabbins say, unless the Messiah is meant by him;... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Hosea 12:5

Even the Lord God of hosts ,.... The God Jacob had power over, the Angel he prevailed with, to whom he made supplication with weeping, and who spake with him and his in Bethel, is he whose name is Jehovah; who is the true and living God, the Lord of hosts and armies both in heaven and in earth; of all the angels in heaven, and the legions of them; and of the church militant, and all the saints, who are the good soldiers of Christ, his spiritual militia; and he is the Captain of the Lord's... read more

Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Hosea 12:3

He took his brother by the heel - See on Genesis 25:26 ; (note); Genesis 32:24 ; (note), etc. read more

Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Hosea 12:4

He had power over the Angel - Who represented the invisible Jehovah. He wept, and made supplication - He entreated with tears that God would bless him; and he prevailed. The circumstance of his weeping is not mentioned in Genesis. He found him in Beth-el - It was there that God made those glorious promises to Jacob relative to his posterity. See Genesis 28:13-15 . read more

Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Hosea 12:5

The Lord is his memorial - He is the same God as when Jacob so successfully wrestled with him. read more

John Calvin

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Hosea 12:3

Verse 3 In all this discourse the Prophet condemns the ingratitude of the people; and then he shows how shamefully they had departed from the example of their father, in whose name they yet took pride. This is the substance. Their ingratitude is showed in this, that they did not acknowledge that they had been anticipated, (84) in the person of their father Jacob, by the gratuitous mercy of God. The first history is indeed referred to for this end, that the posterity of Jacob might understand... read more

John Calvin

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Hosea 12:4

Verse 4 And since this was especially worthy of being remembered, he repeats, that he had power with the angel, and prevailed. But we have already said how Jacob prevailed not indeed of himself, but because God had so distributed his power, that the greater part was in Jacob himself. I am therefore wont, when I speak of the wrestling and of the daily contests with which God exercises the godly, to adduce this similitude, — That God fights with us with his left hand, and defends us with his... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Hosea 12:1-6

Reproof, retrospect, and exhortation. Ephraim is reproved for the pursuit of empty and vain courses, and courses detrimental to their best and real interests. Judah is included in the threatening which follows. They are exhorted to follow the example of the patriarch which is proposed for their imitation, with implied promise of similar success. The unchangeableness of God, who not only accepted Jacob, but blessed and prospered him, is held out to the descendants of Jacob as a guarantee of... read more

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